Chapter 24

The Sixty-One Explanations of the Atmarama Verse

The following summary of this chapter is given by Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura in his Amrta-pravaha-bhasya. According to Sri Sanatana Gosvami's request, Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu explained the well-known Srimad-Bhagavatam verse beginning atmaramas ca munayo. He explained this verse in sixty-one different ways. He analyzed all the words and described each word with its different connotations. Adding the words ca and api, He described all the different meanings of the verse. He then concluded that all classes of transcendentalists (jnanis, karmis, yogis) utilize this verse according to their own interpretation, but if they gave up this process and surrendered to Krsna, as indicated by the verse itself, they would be able to comprehend the real meaning of the verse. In this regard, Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu narrated a story about how the great sage Narada converted a hunter into a great Vaisnava, and how this was appreciated by Narada's friend Parvata Muni. Sanatana Gosvami then offered a prayer to Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, and Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu explained the glory of Srimad-Bhagavatam. After this, the Lord gave Sanatana Gosvami a synopsis of Hari-bhakti-vilasa, which Sanatana Gosvami later developed into the guiding principle of all Vaisnavas.

TEXT 1

TEXT

atmarameti padyarkasy-

arthamsun yah prakasayan

jagat-tamo jaharavyat

sa caitanyodayacalah

SYNONYMS

atmarama-iti--beginning with the word atmarama; padya--verse; arkasya--of the sunlike; artha-amsun--the shining rays of different meanings; yah--who; prakasayan--manifesting; jagat-tamah--the darkness of the material world; jahara--eradicated; avyat--may protect; sah--He; caitanya-udaya-acalah--Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, who is like the eastern horizon, where the sun rises.

TRANSLATION

May Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu be glorified. It was He who acted as the eastern horizon where the sun of the atmarama verse rises and manifests its rays in the form of different meanings and thus eradicates the darkness of the material world. May He protect the universe.

TEXT 2

TEXT

jaya jaya sri-caitanya jaya nityananda

jayadvaita-candra jaya gaura-bhakta-vrnda

SYNONYMS

jaya jaya--all glories; sri-caitanya--to Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; jaya--all glories; nityananda--to Lord Nityananda; jaya--all glories; advaita-candra--to Advaita Acarya; jaya--all glories; gaura-bhakta-vrnda--to all the devotees of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu.

TRANSLATION

All glories to Lord Caitanya! All glories to Lord Nityananda! All glories to Advaitacandra! And all glories to all the devotees of Lord Caitanya!

TEXT 3

TEXT

tabe sanatana prabhura carane dhariya

punarapi kahe kichu vinaya kariya

SYNONYMS

tabe--thereafter; sanatana--Sanatana Gosvami; prabhura carane dhariya--catching the lotus feet of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu; punarapi--again; kahe--says; kichu--something; vinaya kariya--with great humility.

TRANSLATION

Thereafter, Sanatana Gosvami clasped the lotus feet of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu and humbly submitted the following petition.

TEXT 4

TEXT

'purve suniyachon, tumi sarvabhauma-sthane

eka sloke athara artha kairacha vyakhyane

SYNONYMS

purve--formerly; suniyachon--I heard; tumi--You; sarvabhauma-sthane--at the place of Sarvabhauma Bhattacarya; eka sloke--in one verse; athara artha--eighteen meanings; kairacha vyakhyane--have explained.

TRANSLATION

Sanatana Gosvami said, "My Lord, I have heard that previously, at the home of Sarvabhauma Bhattacarya, You explained the atmarama verse in eighteen different ways.

TEXT 5

TEXT

atmaramas ca munayo

nirgrantha apy urukrame

kurvanty ahaitukim bhaktim

ittham-bhuta-guno harih

SYNONYMS

atma-aramah--persons who take pleasure in being transcendentally situated in the service of the Lord; ca--also; munayah--great saintly persons who have completely rejected material aspirations, fruitive activities and so forth; nirgranthah--without interest in any material desire; api--certainly; urukrame--unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna, whose activities are wonderful; kurvanti--do; ahaitukim--causeless, or without material desires; bhaktim--devotional service; ittham-bhuta--so wonderful as to attract the attention of the self-satisfied; gunah--who has transcendental qualities; harih--the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

TRANSLATION

" 'Those who are self-satisfied and unattracted by external material desires are also attracted to the loving service of Sri Krsna, whose qualities are transcendental and whose activities are wonderful. Hari, the Personality of Godhead, is called Krsna because He has such transcendentally attractive features.'

PURPORT

This is the famous atmarama verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.7.10).

TEXT 6

TEXT

ascarya suniya mora utkanthita mana

krpa kari' kaha yadi, judaya sravana'

SYNONYMS

ascarya--wonderful; suniya--hearing; mora--my; utkanthita--desirous; mana--mind; krpa kari'--showing Your causeless mercy; kaha yadi--if You speak; judaya--pleases; sravana--the ear.

TRANSLATION

"I have heard this wonderful story and am therefore very inquisitive to hear it again. If You would kindly repeat it, I would be very pleased to hear."

TEXT 7

TEXT

prabhu kahe,----"ami vatula, amara vacane

sarvabhauma vatula taha satya kari' mane

SYNONYMS

prabhu kahe--Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu said; ami--I; vatula--a madman; amara vacane--in My words; sarvabhauma--Sarvabhauma Bhattacarya; vatula--another madman; taha--that (My explanation); satya kari' mane--took as truth.

TRANSLATION

Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu replied, "I am one madman, and Sarvabhauma Bhattacarya is another. Therefore he took My words to be the truth.

TEXT 8

TEXT

kiba pralapilana, kichu nahika smarane

tomara sanga-bale yadi kichu haya mane

SYNONYMS

kiba--what; pralapilana--I have said; kichu--anything; nahika--there is not; smarane--in memory; tomara--of you; sanga-bale--by the strength of association; yadi--if; kichu--something; haya--there is; mane--in My mind.

TRANSLATION

"I do not recall what I spoke in that connection, but if something comes to My mind due to association with you, I shall explain it.

TEXT 9

TEXT

sahaje amara kichu artha nahi bhase

toma-sabara sanga-bale ye kichu prakase

SYNONYMS

sahaje--generally; amara--My; kichu--any; artha--meaning; nahi bhase--does not manifest; toma-sabara sanga-bale--by the strength of your association; ye--which; kichu--something; prakase--manifests.

TRANSLATION

"Generally by Myself I cannot give an explanation, but by the strength of your association something may manifest itself.

TEXT 10

TEXT

ekadasa pada ei sloke sunirmala

prthak nana artha pade kare jhalamala

SYNONYMS

ekadasa pada--eleven words; ei--this; sloke--in the verse; su-nirmala--very clear; prthak--separately; nana--various; artha--meanings; pade--in each word; kare jhalamala--are glittering.

TRANSLATION

"There are eleven clear words in this verse, but when they are studied separately, various meanings glitter from each word.

PURPORT

The eleven separate words are (1) atmaramah, (2) ca, (3) munayah, (4) nirgranthah, (5) api, (6) urukrame, (7) kurvanti, (8) ahaitukim, (9) bhaktim, (10) ittham-bhuta-gunah, and (11) harih. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu will explain the different connotations and imports of these words.

TEXT 11

TEXT

'atma'-sabde brahma, deha, mana, yatna, dhrti

buddhi, svabhava,----ei sata artha-prapti

SYNONYMS

atma-sabde--by the word atma; brahma--the Absolute Truth; deha--the body; mana--the mind; yatna--endeavor; dhrti--firmness; buddhi--intelligence; sva-bhava--nature; ei sata--these seven; artha-prapti--obtainment of meanings.

TRANSLATION

"The seven different meanings of the word atma are the Absolute Truth, the body, the mind, endeavor, firmness, intelligence and nature.

TEXT 12

TEXT

"atma deha-mano-brahma-svabhava-dhrti-buddhisu

prayatne ca" iti xxx

SYNONYMS

atma--the word atma; deha--the body; manah--the mind; brahma--the Absolute Truth; sva-bhava--nature; dhrti--firmness; buddhisu--in the sense of intelligence; prayatne--in endeavor; ca--and; iti--thus.

TRANSLATION

" 'The following are synonyms of the word atma: the body, mind, Absolute Truth, natural characteristics, firmness, intelligence and endeavor.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from the Visva-prakasa dictionary.

TEXT 13

TEXT

ei sate rame yei, sei atmarama-gana

atmarama-ganera age kariba ganana

SYNONYMS

ei sate--in these seven items; rame--enjoy; yei--those who; sei--they; atmarama-gana--atmaramas; atmarama-ganera--of the atmaramas; age--later; kariba ganana--shall make a count.

TRANSLATION

"The word atmarama refers to one who enjoys these seven items [the Absolute Truth, body, mind, and so on]. Later, I shall enumerate the atmaramas.

TEXT 14

TEXT

'muni'-adi sabdera artha suna, sanatana

prthak prthak artha pache kariba milana

SYNONYMS

muni--the word muni; adi--and the other; sabdera--of the words; artha--the meaning; suna--hear; sanatana--My dear Sanatana; prthak prthak--separately; artha--meaning; pache--after; kariba milana--I shall combine.

TRANSLATION

"My dear Sanatana, first hear the meanings of the other words, beginning with the word muni. I shall first explain their separate meanings, then combine them.

TEXT 15

TEXT

'muni'-sabde manana-sila, ara kahe mauni

tapasvi vrati, yati, ara rsi, muni

SYNONYMS

muni-sabde--by the word muni; manana-sila--who is thoughtful; ara--also; kahe--it means; mauni--one who is silent; tapasvi--an ascetic; vrati--one who keeps great vows; yati--one in the renounced order of life; ara--and; rsi--a saintly person; muni--they are called muni.

TRANSLATION

"The word muni refers to one who is thoughtful, one who is grave or silent, an ascetic, one who keeps great vows, one in the renounced order, a saint. These are the different meanings of the word muni.

TEXT 16

TEXT

'nirgrantha'-sabde kahe, avidya-granthi-hina

vidhi-nisedha-veda-sastra-jnanadi-vihina

SYNONYMS

nirgrantha--nirgrantha; sabde--by the word; kahe--one means; avidya--of ignorance; granthi-hina--without any knot; vidhi-nisedha--regulative principles of rules and restrictions; veda-sastra--the Vedic literature; jnana-adi--knowledge, and so on; vihina--without.

TRANSLATION

"The word nirgrantha refers to one who is liberated from the material knots of ignorance. It also refers to one who is devoid of all regulative principles enjoined in the Vedic literature. It also refers to one who does not have knowledge.

TEXT 17

TEXT

murkha, nica, mleccha adi sastra-rikta-gana

dhana-sancayi----nirgrantha, ara ye nirdhana

SYNONYMS

murkha--foolish, illiterate persons; nica--lowborn; mleccha--unclean persons with no principles; adi--and others; sastra-rikta-gana--persons devoid of all regulative principles stated in sastra; dhana-sancayi--capitalist (one who gathers wealth); nirgrantha--called nirgrantha; ara--also; ye--anyone who; nirdhana--without riches.

TRANSLATION

"Nirgrantha also refers to one who is illiterate, lowborn, misbehaved, unregulated and devoid of respect for Vedic literature. The word also refers to one who is a capitalist and to one who has no riches.

TEXT 18

TEXT

nir niscaye nis kramarthe

nir nirmana-nisedhayoh

grantho dhane 'tha sandarbhe

varna-sangrathane 'pi ca

SYNONYMS

nih--the prefix nih; niscaye--in the sense of ascertainment; nih--the prefix nih; krama-arthe--in the meaning of succession; nih--the prefix nih; nirmana--in the sense of forming; nisedhayoh--in the sense of forbidding; granthah--the word grantha; dhane--in the sense of wealth; atha--also; sandarbhe--thesis; varna-sangrathane--in the sense of tying together words; api--also; ca--and.

TRANSLATION

" 'The prefix nih may be used for a sense of ascertainment, gradation, construction or forbidding. The word grantha means riches, thesis and composition.'

PURPORT

This is another quotation from the Visva-prakasa dictionary.

TEXT 19

TEXT

'urukrama'-sabde kahe, bada yanra krama

'krama'-sabde kahe ei pada-viksepana

SYNONYMS

urukrama--urukrama; sabde--by this word; kahe--one means; bada--great; yanra--whose; krama--step; krama-sabde--in this word krama; kahe--one means; ei--this; pada-viksepana--throwing forth of the foot.

TRANSLATION

"The word urukrama refers to one whose krama [step] is great. The word krama means 'throwing the foot forward,' that is, 'step.'

TEXT 20

TEXT

sakti, kampa, paripati, yukti, saktye akramana

carana-calane kanpaila tribhuvana

SYNONYMS

sakti--power; kampa--trembling; paripati--method; yukti--argument; saktye--with great force; akramana--attacking; carana-calane--by moving the foot; kanpaila--caused to tremble; tri-bhuvana--the three worlds.

TRANSLATION

"Krama also means power, trembling, a systematic method, argument, and a forcible attack by stepping forward. Thus Vamana caused the three worlds to tremble.

PURPORT

Uru means very great, and krama means step. When Lord Vamanadeva was offered three steps of land, He expanded His three steps by covering the entire universe. In this way the three worlds trembled, and therefore Sri Vamanadeva, the incarnation of Lord Visnu, is referred to as Urukrama.

TEXT 21

TEXT

visnor nu virya-gananam katamo 'rhatiha

yah parthivany api kavir vimame rajamsi

caskambha yah sva-ramhasaskhalata triprstham

yasmat trisamya-sadanad urukampayanam

SYNONYMS

visnoh--of Lord Visnu; nu--certainly; virya-gananam--a counting of the different potencies; katamah--who; arhati--is able to do; iha--in this world; yah--who; parthivani--of the element earth; api--although; kavih--a learned person; vimame--has counted; rajamsi--the atoms; caskambha--captured; yah--who; sva--His own; ramhasa--by potency; askhalata--without hindrances; tri-prstham--the topmost planet (Satyaloka); yasmat--from some cause; tri-samya--where there is equilibrium of the three gunas; sadanat--from the place (from the root of the material world); urukampayanam--trembling greatly.

TRANSLATION

" 'Even if a learned man is able to count all the minute atoms in this material world, he still cannot count the potencies of Lord Visnu. In the form of the Vamana incarnation, Lord Visnu, without hindrance, captured all the planets, beginning from the root of the material world up to Satyaloka. Indeed, He caused every planetary system to tremble by the force of His steps.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (2.7.40). In the Rg Veda mantra (1.2.154.1), it is said:

om visnor nu viryani kam pravocam

yah parthivani vimame rajamsi

yo 'skambhayad uttaram sadhastham

vicakramanas tredhorugayah

TEXT 22

TEXT

vibhu-rupe vyape, saktye dharana-posana

madhurya-saktye goloka, aisvarye paravyoma

SYNONYMS

vibhu-rupe--in His all-pervasive feature; vyape--expands; saktye--by His potency; dharana-posana--maintaining and nourishing; madhurya-saktye--by His potency of conjugal love; goloka--the planetary system Goloka Vrndavana; aisvarye--and by opulence; para-vyoma--the spiritual world.

TRANSLATION

"Through His all-pervasive feature, the Supreme Personality of Godhead expanded the entire creation. He is holding and maintaining this creation by His extraordinary potency. By His conjugal potency, He maintains the planetary system known as Goloka Vrndavana. Through His six opulences, He maintains many Vaikuntha planets.

PURPORT

In His gigantic form, Lord Krsna has covered the creation. He holds all the planetary systems and maintains them by His inconceivable potencies. Similarly, He is maintaining His personal abode, Goloka Vrndavana, through His conjugal love, and He is maintaining the spiritual world containing the Vaikuntha planets by His opulences.

TEXT 23

TEXT

maya-saktye brahmandadi-paripati-srjana

'urukrama'-sabdera ei artha nirupana

SYNONYMS

maya-saktye--by His external potency; brahmanda-adi--of material universes and so on; paripati--an orderly arrangement; srjana--creating; urukrama-sabdera--of the word urukrama; ei--this; artha--of the meaning; nirupana--ascertainment.

TRANSLATION

"The word urukrama indicates the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who, by His external potency, has perfectly created innumerable universes.

TEXT 24

TEXT

"kramah saktau paripatyam kramas calana-kampayoh"

SYNONYMS

kramah--the word krama; saktau--in the meaning of potency; paripatyam--in the meaning of systematic arrangement; kramah--the word krama; calana--in moving; kampayoh--or in trembling.

TRANSLATION

" 'These are the different meanings of the word krama. It is used in the sense of potency, systematic arrangement, step, moving or trembling.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from the Visva-prakasa dictionary. The Supreme Personality of Godhead is all-pervasive. Not only does He carry the three worlds by His inconceivable energy, but He maintains them also. He is also maintaining His spiritual planet, Goloka Vrndavana, by His conjugal love, and He is maintaining the Vaikunthalokas by His opulences. He maintains these material universes through the external energy. Material universes are perfectly situated because they are created by the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

TEXT 25

TEXT

'kurvanti'-pada ei parasmaipada haya

krsna-sukha-nimitta bhajane tatparya kahaya

SYNONYMS

kurvanti--they do (for others); pada--the word; ei--this; parasmaipada--a verb form indicating things done for others; haya--is; krsna-sukha-nimitta--to satisfy Krsna; bhajane--in devotional service; tatparya--the purport; kahaya--is said.

TRANSLATION

"The word kurvanti, which means 'they do something for others,' is a form of the verb 'things done for others.' It is used in connection with devotional service, which must be executed for the satisfaction of Krsna. That is the purport of the word kurvanti.

PURPORT

In Sanskrit the verb "to do" has two forms, technically called parasmaipada and atmanepada. When things are done for one's personal satisfaction, the form is called atmanepada. In that case, the word "do" in English is kurvante in Sanskrit. When things are done for others, the verb form changes to kurvanti. Thus Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu informed Sanatana Gosvami that in the atmarama verse the verb kurvanti means that things should be done only for the satisfaction of Krsna. This is supported by the grammarian Panini. The verb is formed as atmanepada when the work is to be done for one's own benefit, and when it is done for others, it is called parasmaipada. Thus the verb is formed according to whether something is done for one's self-satisfaction or for another's satisfaction.

TEXT 26

TEXT

"svaritanitah kartrabhipraye kriya-phale"

SYNONYMS

svarita-nitah--of verbs having an indicatory n or a svarita accent; kartr-abhipraye--is meant for the agent; kriya-phale--when the fruit of the action.

TRANSLATION

" 'The terminations of the atmanepada are employed when the fruit of the action accrues to the agent of verbs having an indicatory n or a svarita accent.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Panini's sutras (1.3.72).

TEXT 27

TEXT

'hetu'-sabde kahe----bhukti-adi vanchantare

bhukti, siddhi, mukti----mukhya ei tina prakare

SYNONYMS

hetu--cause; sabde--by the word; kahe--it is said; bhukti--enjoying the result by oneself; adi--and so on; vancha-antare--because of a different ambition; bhukti--enjoying the result of action; siddhi--the perfection of doing something; mukti--liberation; mukhya--chief; ei--these; tina prakare--in three ways.

TRANSLATION

"The word hetu [cause] means that a thing is done for some motive. There can be three motives. One may act to enjoy the result personally, to achieve some material perfection, or to act in such a way that one may be liberated.

TEXT 28

TEXT

eka bhukti kahe, bhoga----ananta-prakara

siddhi----astadasa, mukti----panca-vidhakara

SYNONYMS

eka--first; bhukti--material enjoyment by doing something; kahe--is known; bhoga--enjoyment; ananta-prakara--unlimited varieties; siddhi--the yogic perfections; astadasa--eighteen in number; mukti--liberation; panca-vidha-akara--five varieties.

TRANSLATION

"First we take the word bhukti [material enjoyment], which is of unlimited variety. We may also take the word siddhi [perfection], which has eighteen varieties. Similarly, the word mukti has five varieties.

TEXT 29

TEXT

ei yanha nahi, taha bhakti----'ahaituki'

yaha haite vasa haya sri-krsna kautuki

SYNONYMS

ei--these; yanha--where; nahi--not existing; taha--that; bhakti--the platform of devotional service; ahaituki--unmotivated; yaha haite--by which; vasa haya--comes under control; sri-krsna--Lord Sri Krsna; kautuki--the most funny.

TRANSLATION

"Causeless devotional service is unmotivated by sense enjoyment, perfection or liberation. When one is freed from all these contaminations, he can bring Lord Krsna, who is very funny, under control.

TEXT 30

TEXT

'bhakti'-sabdera artha haya dasa-vidhakara

eka----'sadhana', 'prema-bhakti'----nava prakara

SYNONYMS

bhakti--bhakti; sabdera--of this word; artha--meanings; haya--are; dasa-vidha-akara--ten varieties; eka--one; sadhana--the execution of regulative devotional service; prema-bhakti--ecstatic love; nava prakara--nine kinds.

TRANSLATION

"There are ten meanings to the word bhakti, devotional service. One is execution of devotional service according to the regulative principles, and the other, called prema-bhakti [ecstatic love] has nine varieties.

PURPORT

The nine varieties are rati, prema, sneha, mana, pranaya, raga, anuraga, bhava and mahabhava-attraction, love, affection, adverse feelings, intimacy, attachment, subattachment, ecstatic love and sublime ecstatic love. For the execution of devotional service according to regulative principles, there is only one meaning.

TEXT 31

TEXT

'rati'-laksana, 'prema'-laksana, ityadi pracara

bhava-rupa, mahabhava-laksana-rupa ara

SYNONYMS

rati--of attraction; laksana--the symptoms; prema--of love; laksana--the symptoms; iti-adi--and so on; pracara--are known; bhava-rupa--in the form of ecstatic love; maha-bhava--of higher ecstatic love; laksana-rupa--there are many symptoms; ara--other.

TRANSLATION

"Next are explained the symptoms of love of Godhead, which can be divided into nine varieties, beginning with attraction up to ecstatic love and finally up to the topmost ecstatic love [mahabhava].

TEXT 32

TEXT

santa-bhaktera rati bade 'prema'-paryanta

dasya-bhaktera rati haya 'raga'-dasa-anta

SYNONYMS

santa-bhaktera--of devotees on the platform of neutrality; rati--attraction; bade--increases; prema-paryanta--up to love of Godhead; dasya-bhaktera--of devotees on the platform of servitude; rati--attraction; haya--increases; raga-dasa-anta--up to the point of spontaneous attachment.

TRANSLATION

"The attraction to Krsna of devotees on the platform of neutrality increases up to love of Godhead [prema], and the attraction of devotees on the platform of servitorship increases to spontaneous attachment [raga].

TEXT 33

TEXT

sakha-ganera rati haya 'anuraga' paryanta

pitr-matr-sneha adi 'anuraga'-anta

SYNONYMS

sakha-ganera--of the friends; rati--the attraction; haya--becomes; anuraga paryanta--up to subecstatic love; pitr-matr-sneha--paternal love; adi--and so on; anuraga-anta--up to the end of subecstatic love.

TRANSLATION

"Devotees in Vrndavana who are friends of the Lord can increase their ecstatic love to the point of anuraga. Paternal affectionate lovers, Krsna's father and mother, can increase their love of Godhead up to the anuraga point also.

TEXT 34

TEXT

kanta-ganera rati paya 'mahabhava'-sima

'bhakti'-sabdera ei saba arthera mahima

SYNONYMS

kanta-ganera--of the devotees in conjugal love; rati--the attraction; paya--attain; maha-bhava-sima--the limit of mahabhava; bhakti--devotional service; sabdera--of the word; ei saba--all these; arthera--of the meanings; mahima--of the glories.

TRANSLATION

"The gopis of Vrndavana who are attached to Krsna in conjugal love can increase their ecstatic love up to the point of mahabhava [the greatest ecstatic love]. These are some of the glorious meanings of the word bhakti, devotional service.

TEXT 35

TEXT

'ittham-bhuta-gunah'-sabdera sunaha vyakhyana

'ittham'-sabdera bhinna artha, 'guna'-sabdera ana

SYNONYMS

ittham-bhuta-gunah--having qualities like this; sabdera--of the word; sunaha--please hear; vyakhyana--the explanation; ittham--ittham; sabdera--of the word; bhinna artha--different meanings; guna--guna; sabdera--of the word; ana--other.

TRANSLATION

"Please hear the meaning of the word ittham-bhuta-guna, which is found in the atmarama verse. Ittham-bhuta has different meanings, and guna has other meanings.

TEXT 36

TEXT

'ittham-bhuta'-sabdera artha----purnanandamaya

yanra age brahmananda trna-praya haya

SYNONYMS

ittham-bhuta-sabdera artha--the meaning or import of the word ittham-bhuta; purna-ananda-maya--full of transcendental bliss; yanra age--in front of which; brahma-ananda--the transcendental bliss derived from impersonalism; trna-praya--just like straw; haya--is.

TRANSLATION

"The word ittham-bhuta is transcendentally exalted because it means 'full of transcendental bliss.' Before this transcendental bliss, the bliss derived from merging into the existence of the Absolute [brahmananda] becomes like a piece of straw in comparison.

TEXT 37

TEXT

tvat-saksat-karanahlada-

visuddhabdhi-sthitasya me

sukhani gospadayante

brahmany api jagad-guro

SYNONYMS

tvat--Your; saksat--meeting; karana--such action; ahlada--pleasure; vi-suddha--spiritually purified; abdhi--ocean; sthitasya--being situated; me--by me; sukhani--happiness; gospadayante--a small hole created by the hoof of a calf; brahmani--the pleasure derived from impersonal Brahman understanding; api--also; jagat-guro--O master of the universe.

TRANSLATION

" 'My dear Lord, O master of the universe, since I have directly seen You, my transcendental bliss has taken the shape of a great ocean. Being situated in that ocean, I now realize all other so-called happiness to be like the water contained in the hoofprint of a calf.'

PURPORT

This is a verse from the Hari-bhakti-sudhodaya (14.36).

TEXT 38

TEXT

sarvakarsaka, sarvahladaka, maha-rasayana

apanara bale kare sarva-vismarana

SYNONYMS

sarva-akarsaka--all-attractive; sarva-ahladaka--all-pleasing; maha-rasa-ayana--the complete abode of transcendental mellow; apanara bale--by His own strength; kare--causes; sarva-vismarana--forgetfulness of all other bliss.

TRANSLATION

"Lord Krsna is so exalted that He is more attractive than anything else and more pleasing than anything else. He is the most sublime abode of bliss. By His own strength, He causes one to forget all other ecstasies.

TEXT 39

TEXT

bhukti-mukti-siddhi-sukha chadaya yara gandhe

alaukika sakti-gune krsna-krpaya bandhe

SYNONYMS

bhukti--material happiness; mukti--liberation from material suffering; siddhi--the perfection of mystic yoga; sukha--the happiness derived from these things; chadaya--one gives up; yara--of which; gandhe--simply by the slight fragrance; alaukika--uncommon, transcendental; sakti-gune--by the power and quality; krsna-krpaya--by the mercy of Lord Krsna; bandhe--one becomes bound.

TRANSLATION

"Pure devotional service is so sublime that one can very easily forget the happiness derived from material happiness, material liberation and mystic or yogic perfection. Thus the devotee is bound by Krsna's mercy and His uncommon power and qualifications.

TEXT 40

TEXT

sastra-yukti nahi ihan siddhanta-vicara

ei svabhava-gune, yate madhuryera sara

SYNONYMS

sastra-yukti--logic on the basis of revealed scripture; nahi--there is not; ihan--here; siddhanta-vicara--consideration of logical conclusions; ei--this; svabhava-gune--a natural quality; yate--in which; madhuryera sara--the essence of all transcendental bliss.

TRANSLATION

"When one is attracted to Krsna on the transcendental platform, there is no longer any logical argument on the basis of revealed scripture, nor are there considerations of such conclusions. This is His transcendental quality that is the essence of all transcendental sweetness.

TEXT 41

TEXT

'guna' sabdera artha----krsnera guna ananta

sac-cid-rupa-guna sarva purnananda

SYNONYMS

guna sabdera artha--the meaning of the word guna; krsnera guna ananta--Krsna has unlimited qualities; sat-cit-rupa-guna--such qualities are spiritual and eternal; sarva purna-ananda--full of all transcendental bliss.

TRANSLATION

"The word guna means 'quality.' The qualities of Krsna are transcendentally situated and are unlimited in quantity. All of the spiritual qualities are full of transcendental bliss.

TEXT 42

TEXT

aisvarya-madhurya-karunye svarupa-purnata

bhakta-vatsalya, atma-paryanta vadanyata

SYNONYMS

aisvarya--opulence; madhurya--transcendental sweetness; karunye--mercy; svarupa-purnata--fullness of spiritual value; bhakta-vatsalya--affection for the devotee; atma-paryanta--up to the point of His personal self; vadanyata--magnanimity.

TRANSLATION

"Krsna's transcendental qualities such as opulence, sweetness and mercy are perfect and full. As far as Krsna's affectionate leaning toward His devotees is concerned, He is so magnanimous that He can give Himself to His devotees.

TEXT 43

TEXT

alaukika rupa, rasa, saurabhadi guna

karo mana kona gune kare akarsana

SYNONYMS

alaukika rupa--uncommon beauty; rasa--mellows; saurabha-adi guna--qualities like transcendental fragrance; karo mana--the mind of a devotee; kona gune--by some particular quality; kare--does; akarsana--attracting.

TRANSLATION

"Krsna has unlimited qualities. The devotees are attracted by His uncommon beauty, mellows and fragrance. Thus they are differently situated in the different transcendental mellows. Therefore Krsna is called all-attractive.

TEXT 44

TEXT

sanakadira mana harila saurabhadi gune

SYNONYMS

sanaka-adira mana--the minds of saintly sages like Sanaka and Sanatana; harila--attracted; saurabha-adi--such as the transcendental aroma of His lotus feet; gune--by the quality.

TRANSLATION

"The minds of the four boy sages [Sanaka, Sanatana, Sanandana and Sanat-kumara] were attracted to the lotus feet of Krsna by the aroma of the tulasi that had been offered to the Lord.

TEXT 45

TEXT

tasyaravinda-nayanasya padaravinda-

kinjalka-misra-tulasi-makaranda-vayuh

antargatah svavivarena cakara tesam

sanksobham aksara-jusam api citta-tanvoh

SYNONYMS

tasya--of Him; aravinda-nayanasya--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, whose eyes are like the petals of a lotus; pada-aravinda--of the lotus feet; kinjalka--with saffron; misra--mixed; tulasi--of tulasi leaves; makaranda--with the aroma; vayuh--the air; antargatah--entered; sva-vivarena--through the nostrils; cakara--created; tesam--of them; sanksobham--strong agitation; aksara-jusam--of the impersonally self-realized (Kumaras); api--also; citta-tanvoh--of the mind and body.

TRANSLATION

" 'When the breeze carrying the aroma of tulasi leaves and saffron from the lotus feet of the lotus-eyed Personality of Godhead entered through the nostrils into the hearts of those sages [the Kumaras], they experienced a change in both body and mind, even though they were attached to impersonal Brahman understanding.'

PURPORT

This is a verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (3.15.43). For an explanation, see Madhya-lila (17.142).

TEXT 46

TEXT

sukadevera mana harila lila-sravane

SYNONYMS

sukadevera--of Sukadeva Gosvami; mana--the mind; harila--carried away; lila-sravane--by remembering the pastimes of the Lord.

TRANSLATION

"Sukadeva's mind was carried away by remembering the pastimes of the Lord.

TEXT 47

TEXT

parinisthito 'pi nairgunye

uttamahsloka-lilaya

grhita-ceta rajarse

akhyanam yad adhitavan

SYNONYMS

parinisthitah--situated; api--although; nairgunye--in the transcendental position, freed from the material modes of nature; uttamah-sloka-lilaya--by the pastimes of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Uttamahsloka; grhita-ceta--the mind became fully taken over; rajarse--O great King; akhyanam--the narration; yat--which; adhitavan--studied.

TRANSLATION

" 'Sukadeva Gosvami addressed Pariksit Maharaja, "My dear King, although I was fully situated in the transcendental position, I was nonetheless attracted to the pastimes of Lord Krsna. Therefore I studied Srimad-Bhagavatam from my father.' "

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (2.1.9).

TEXT 48

TEXT

svasukha-nibhrta-cetas tad-vyudastanya-bhavo

'py ajita-rucira-lilakrsta-saras tadiyam

vyatanuta krpaya yas tattva-dipam puranam

tam akhila-vrjina-ghnam vyasa-sunum nato 'smi

SYNONYMS

sva-sukha-nirbhrta-cetah--whose mind was always fully absorbed in the happiness of self-realization; tat--by that; vyudasta-anya-bhavah--being freed from all other attractions; api--although; ajita-rucira-lila--by the most attractive pastimes of Ajita, the Supreme Personality of Godhead; akrsta--attracted; sarah--whose heart; tadiyam--in relation to the Lord; vyatanuta--described and spread; krpaya--out of mercy; yah--he who; tattva-dipam--which is the light of the Absolute Truth; puranam--the supplementary Vedic literature Srimad-Bhagavatam; tam--to him; akhila-vrjina-ghnam--who can destroy all kinds of material misery; vyasa-sunum--Sukadeva Gosvami, the son of Vyasadeva; natah asmi--I offer my respectful obeisances.

TRANSLATION

" 'I offer my respectful obeisances unto Srila Sukadeva Gosvami, the son of Vyasadeva. He is the destroyer of all sinful reactions and is full in self-realization and bliss. Because of this, he has no other desire. Still, he was attracted by the transcendental pastimes of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and out of compassion for the people, he described the transcendental historical literature called Srimad-Bhagavatam. This is compared to the light of the Absolute Truth.'

PURPORT

This verse is from Srimad-Bhagavatam (12.12.68).

TEXT 49

TEXT

sri-anga-rupe hare gopikara mana

SYNONYMS

sri-anga--of His transcendental body; rupe--by the beauty; hare--attracts; gopikara mana--the minds of the gopis.

TRANSLATION

"Lord Sri Krsna attracts the minds of all the gopis with His beautiful transcendental bodily features.

TEXT 50

TEXT

viksyalakavrta-mukham tava kundala-sri-

ganda-sthaladhara-sudham hasitavalokam

dattabhayam ca bhuja-danda-yugam vilokya

vaksah sriyaika-ramanam ca bhavama dasyah

SYNONYMS

viksya--seeing; alaka-avrta-mukham--face decorated with curling tresses of hair; tava--Your; kundala-sri--beauty of earrings; ganda-sthala--falling on Your cheeks; adhara-sudham--and the nectar from Your lips; hasita-avalokam--Your smiling glance; datta-abhayam--which assure fearlessness; ca--and; bhuja-danda-yugam--the two arms; vilokya--by seeing; vaksah--chest; sriya--by the beauty; eka-ramanam--chiefly producing conjugal attraction; ca--and; bhavama--we have become; dasyah--Your maidservants.

TRANSLATION

" 'Dear Krsna, we have simply surrendered ourselves as Your maidservants, for we have seen Your beautiful face decorated with tresses of hair, Your earrings falling upon Your cheeks and the nectar of Your lips. We have also seen the beauty of Your smile and have been embraced by Your arms, which give us courage. Because we have seen Your chest, which is beautiful and broad, we have surrendered ourselves.'

PURPORT

This verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.29.39) was spoken by the gopis when they arrived near Krsna for the rasa dance on a full moonlit night. The attracted gopis were awestruck, and they began to speak about how they came to Krsna to enjoy the rasa dance.

TEXT 51

TEXT

rupa-guna-sravane rukminy-adira akarsana

SYNONYMS

rupa--beauty; guna--qualities; sravane--by hearing; rukmini-adira--of the queens, headed by Rukmini; akarsana--attracting.

TRANSLATION

"The queens in Dvaraka, who are headed by Rukmini, are also attracted to Krsna simply by hearing about His transcendental beauty and qualities.

TEXT 52

TEXT

srutva gunan bhuvana-sundara srnvatam te

nirvisya karna-vivarair harato 'nga-tapam

rupam drsam drsimatam akhilartha-labham

tvayy acyutavisati cittam apatrapam me

SYNONYMS

srutva--hearing; gunan--the transcendental qualities; bhuvana-sundara--O most beautiful in the whole creation; srnvatam--of those hearing; te--Your; nirvisya--entering; karna-vivaraih--by the holes of the ears; haratah anga-tapam--decreasing all the miserable conditions of the body; rupam--the beauty; drsam--of the eyes; drsimatam--of those who can see; akhila-artha-labham--the achievement of all kinds of gains; tvayi--unto You; acyuta--O infallible one; avisati--enters; cittam--the consciousness; apatrapam--without shame; me--my.

TRANSLATION

" 'O most beautiful Krsna, I have heard about Your transcendental qualities from others, and therefore all my bodily miseries are relieved. If one sees Your transcendental beauty, his eyes have attained everything profitable in life. O infallible one, I have become shameless after hearing of Your qualities, and I have become attracted to You.'

PURPORT

This verse (Srimad-Bhagavatam 10.52.37) was written by Rukminidevi in a letter to Krsna inviting Him to kidnap her. Sukadeva Gosvami described this to Maharaja Pariksit when the King asked him how Rukmini had been kidnapped. Rukmini had heard about Krsna's qualities from different people, and after she heard about them, she decided to accept Krsna as her husband. Everything had been arranged for her marriage to Sisupala; therefore she wrote a letter to Krsna, which she sent through a brahmana, and invited Him to kidnap her.

TEXT 53

TEXT

vamsi-gite hare krsna laksmy-adira mana

SYNONYMS

vamsi-gite--by the vibration of His flute; hare--attracts; krsna--Lord Krsna; laksmi-adira--of the goddess of fortune and others; mana--the mind.

TRANSLATION

"Lord Krsna even attracts the mind of the goddess of fortune simply by vibrating His transcendental flute.

TEXT 54

TEXT

kasyanubhavo 'sya na deva vidmahe

tavanghri-renu-sparasadhikarah

yad-vanchaya srir lalanacarat tapo

vihaya kaman suciram dhrta-vrata

SYNONYMS

kasya--of what; anubhavah--a result; asya--of the serpent (Kaliya); na--not; deva--O Lord; vidmahe--we know; tava-anghri--of Your lotus feet; renu--of the dust; sparasa--for touching; adhikarah--qualification; yat--which; vanchaya--by desiring; srih--the goddess of fortune; lalana--the topmost woman; acarat--performed; tapah--austerity; vihaya--giving up; kaman--all desires; suciram--for a long time; dhrta--a law upheld; vrata--as a vow.

TRANSLATION

" 'O Lord, we do not know how the serpent Kaliya attained such an opportunity to be touched by the dust of Your lotus feet. For this end, the goddess of fortune performed austerities for centuries, giving up all other desires and taking austere vows. Indeed, we do not know how this serpent Kaliya got such an opportunity.'

PURPORT

This verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.16.36) was spoken by the wives of the Kaliya demon.

TEXT 55

TEXT

yogya-bhave jagate yata yuvatira gana

SYNONYMS

yogya-bhave--by proper behavior; jagate--within the three worlds; yata--all; yuvatira gana--the groups of young girls.

TRANSLATION

"Krsna attracts not only the minds of the gopis and the goddesses of fortune but the minds of all the young girls in the three worlds as well.

TEXT 56

TEXT

ka stry anga te kala-padamrta-venu-gita-

sammohitarya-caritan na calet trilokyam

trailokya-saubhagam idam ca niriksya rupam

yad go-dvija-druma-mrgah pulakany abibhran

SYNONYMS

ka stri--who is that woman; anga--O Krsna; te--of You; kala-pada--by the rhythms; amrta-venu-gita--and sweet songs of Your flute; sammohita--being captivated; arya-caritat--from the path of chastity according to Vedic civilization; na--not; calet--would wander; tri-lokyam--within the three worlds; trailokya-saubhagam--which is the fortune of the three worlds; idam--this; ca--and; niriksya--by observing; rupam--the beauty; yat--which; go--the cows; dvija--the birds; druma--the trees; mrgah--forest animals like the deer; pulakani--transcendental jubilation; abibhran--manifested.

TRANSLATION

" 'My dear Lord Krsna, where is that woman within the three worlds who cannot be captivated by the rhythms of the sweet songs coming from Your wonderful flute? Who cannot fall down from the path of chastity in this way? Your beauty is the most sublime within the three worlds. Upon seeing Your beauty, even cows, birds, animals and trees in the forest are stunned in jubilation.'

PURPORT

This verse is from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.29.40).

TEXT 57

TEXT

guru-tulya stri-ganera vatsalye akarsana

dasya-sakhyadi-bhave purusadi gana

SYNONYMS

guru-tulya--on the level of a superior guardian; stri-ganera--of the ladies of Vrndavana; vatsalye--in parental affection; akarsana--attracting; dasya-sakhya-adi--servants, friends, and others; bhave--in the mode of; purusa-adi gana--all the males of Vrndavana.

TRANSLATION

"The women of Vrndavana, who are on the level of superior guardians, are attracted maternally. The men of Vrndavana are attracted as servants, friends and fathers to Lord Krsna.

TEXT 58

TEXT

paksi, mrga, vrksa, lata, cetanacetana

preme matta kari' akarsaye krsna-guna

SYNONYMS

paksi--birds; mrga--animals; vrksa--trees; lata--creepers; cetana-acetana--living entities and even the stones and wood; preme--in ecstatic love; matta--captivated; kari'--making; akarsaye--attract; krsna-guna--the qualities of Krsna.

TRANSLATION

"The qualities of Krsna captivate and attract everything, living and dead. Even birds, animals and trees are attracted to Krsna's qualities.

TEXT 59

TEXT

'harih'-sabde nanartha, dui mukhyatama

sarva amangala hare, prema diya hare mana

SYNONYMS

harih--hari; sabde--by this word; nana-artha--different imports; dui--two; mukhya-tama--chief; sarva--all; amangala--inauspiciousness; hare--takes away; prema diya--by ecstatic love; hare--attracts; mana--the mind.

TRANSLATION

"Although the word hari has many different meanings, two of them are foremost. One meaning is that the Lord takes away all inauspicious things from His devotee, and the second meaning is that He attracts the mind by ecstatic love for God.

TEXT 60

TEXT

yaiche taiche yohi kohi karaye smarana

cari-vidha tapa tara kare samharana

SYNONYMS

yaiche taiche--somehow or other; yohi kohi--anywhere and everywhere; karaye smarana--remembers; cari-vidha--the four kinds; tapa--miserable conditions of life; tara--of the devotee; kare samharana--He takes away.

TRANSLATION

"When the devotee somehow or other always remembers the Supreme Personality of Godhead anywhere and everywhere, Lord Hari takes away life's four miserable conditions.

PURPORT

The four miserable conditions are due to the four kinds of sinful activities, known as (1) pataka, (2) urupataka, (3) maha-pataka and (4) atipataka-preliminary sin, very great sin, greater sin and topmost sin. However, Krsna assures the devotee, aham tvam sarva-papebhyo moksayisyami ma sucah: "I will protect you from all sinful reactions. Do not fear." The word sarva-papebhyah indicates four kinds of sinful activity. As soon as the devotee surrenders unto Krsna's lotus feet, he is certainly relieved from all sinful activities and their results. The four basic sinful activities are summarized as illicit sex, intoxication, gambling and meat-eating.

TEXT 61

TEXT

yathagnih susamrddharcih

karoty edhamsi bhasmasat

tatha mad-visaya bhaktir

uddhavainamsi krtsnasah

SYNONYMS

yatha--as; agnih--a fire; su-samrddha-arcih--having a full flame; karoti--makes; edhamsi--fuel; bhasmasat--into ashes; tatha--similarly; mat-visaya bhaktih--devotional service in relation to Me; uddhava--O Uddhava; enamsi--all kinds of sinful activity; krtsnasah--totally.

TRANSLATION

" 'As all fuel is burned to ashes by a full-fledged fire, all sinful activities are totally erased when one engages in devotional service to Me.'

PURPORT

This verse is from Srimad-Bhagavatam (11.14.19).

TEXT 62

TEXT

tabe kare bhakti-badhaka karma, avidya nasa

sravanadyera phala 'prema' karaye prakasa

SYNONYMS

tabe--thereafter; kare--does; bhakti-badhaka--impediments on the path of devotional service; karma--activities; avidya--ignorance; nasa--vanquishing; sravana-adyera--of hearing, chanting and so forth; phala--the result; prema--love of Godhead; karaye prakasa--causes a manifestation of.

TRANSLATION

"In this way, when all sinful activities are vanquished by the grace of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, one gradually vanquishes all kinds of impediments on the path of devotional service, as well as the ignorance resulting from these impediments. After this, one totally manifests his original love of Godhead through devotional service in nine different ways-hearing, chanting and so forth.

TEXT 63

TEXT

nija-gune tabe hare dehendriya-mana

aiche krpalu krsna, aiche tanra guna

SYNONYMS

nija-gune--by transcendental qualities; tabe--then; hare--attracts; deha-indriya-mana--the body, senses and mind; aiche--in that way; krpalu krsna--merciful Krsna; aiche--in that way; tanra--His; guna--transcendental qualities.

TRANSLATION

"When the devotee is freed from all sinful material activities, Krsna attracts his body, mind and senses to His service. Thus Krsna is very merciful, and His transcendental qualities are very attractive.

TEXT 64

TEXT

cari purusartha chadaya, gune hare sabara mana

'hari'-sabdera ei mukhya kahilun laksana

SYNONYMS

cari purusa-artha--the four kinds of so-called goals of life; chadaya--causes to give up; gune--by the transcendental qualities; hare--attracts; sabara mana--everyone's mind; hari--hari; sabdera--of the word; ei--this; mukhya--chief; kahilun--I have explained; laksana--the symptoms.

TRANSLATION

"When one's mind, senses and body are attracted to the transcendental qualities of Hari, one gives up the four principles of material success. Thus I have explained the chief meanings of the word hari.

PURPORT

The four principles of material success are (1) religious performance, (2) economic development, (3) sense gratification and (4) liberation, or merging in the impersonal effulgence of Brahman. These things do not interest the devotee.

TEXT 65

TEXT

'ca' 'api', dui sabda tate 'avyaya' haya

yei artha lagaiye, sei artha haya

SYNONYMS

ca--ca; api--api; dui--two; sabda--words; tate--in that way; avyaya--indeclinable words; haya--are; yei--whatever; artha--meaning; lagaiye--they want to use; sei--that; artha--meaning; haya--can be used.

TRANSLATION

"When the conjunction ca [and] and the adverb api [although] are added to this verse, the verse can assume whatever meaning one wants to give it.

TEXT 66

TEXT

tathapi ca-karera kahe mukhya artha sata

SYNONYMS

tathapi--still; ca-karera--of the word ca; kahe--it is said; mukhya--chief; artha--meanings; sata--seven.

TRANSLATION

"The word ca can be explained in seven ways.

TEXT 67

TEXT

canvacaye samahare

'nyo 'nyarthe ca samuccaye

yatnantare tatha pada-

purane 'py avadharane

SYNONYMS

ca--this word ca; anvacaye--in connecting one with another; samahare--in the sense of aggregation; anyo 'nya-arthe--to help one another in the imports; ca--the word ca; samuccaye--in aggregate understanding; yatna-antare--in another effort; tatha--as well as; pada-purane--in completing the verse; api--also; avadharane--in the sense of certainty.

TRANSLATION

" 'The word ca [and] is used to connect a word or sentence with a previous word or sentence, to give the sense of aggregation, to assist the meaning, to give a collective understanding, to suggest another effort or exertion, or to fulfill the meter of a verse. It is also used in the sense of certainty.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from the Visva-prakasa dictionary.

TEXT 68

TEXT

api-sabde mukhya artha sata vikhyata

SYNONYMS

api-sabde--by the word api; mukhya--chief; artha--meanings; sata--seven; vikhyata--celebrated.

TRANSLATION

"There are seven chief meanings of the word api. They are as follows.

TEXT 69

TEXT

api sambhavana-prasna-

sanka-garha-samuccaye

tatha yukta-padarthesu

kama-cara-kriyasu ca

SYNONYMS

api--the word api; sambhavana--possibility; prasna--question; sanka--doubt; garha--censure or abuse; samuccaye--aggregation; tatha--as well as; yukta-pada-arthesu--the appropriate application of things; kama-cara-kriyasu--of extravagance; ca--and.

TRANSLATION

" 'The word api is used in the sense of possibility, question, doubt, censure, aggregation, appropriate application of things, and extravagance.'

PURPORT

This is another quotation from the Visva-prakasa.

TEXT 70

TEXT

ei ta' ekadasa padera artha-nirnaya

ebe slokartha kari, yatha ye lagaya

SYNONYMS

ei ta'--this; ekadasa--eleven; padera--of the words; artha-nirnaya--demonstration of import; ebe--now; sloka-artha--the total meaning of the verse; kari--let Me do; yatha--as much as; ye--which; lagaya--applicable.

TRANSLATION

"I have now described the different meanings of the eleven separate words. Now let Me give the complete meaning of the sloka, as it is applied in different places.

TEXT 71

TEXT

'brahma' sabdera artha----tattva sarva-brhattama

svarupa aisvarya kari' nahi yanra sama

SYNONYMS

brahma--brahma; sabdera artha--the meaning of the word; tattva--the truth; sarva-brhat-tama--summum bonum among the relative truths; sva-rupa--the original identity; aisvarya--opulence; kari'--accepting; nahi--not; yanra--whose; sama--equal.

TRANSLATION

"The word brahma indicates the summum bonum, the Absolute Truth, which is greater than all other truths. It is the original identity, and there can be no truth equal to that Absolute Truth.

TEXT 72

TEXT

brhattvad brmhanatvac ca

tad brahma paramam viduh

tasmai namas te sarvatman

yogi-cintyavikaravat

SYNONYMS

brhattvat--because of being all-pervasive; brmhanatvat--because of increasing unlimitedly; ca--and; tat--that; brahma--Absolute Truth; paramam--the ultimate; viduh--they know; tasmai--unto Him; namah--obeisances; te--unto You; sarva-atman--the Supreme Soul; yogi-cintya--appreciable by great yogis; avikara-vat--without change.

TRANSLATION

" 'I offer my respectful obeisances to the Absolute Truth, the summum bonum. He is the all-pervasive, all-increasing subject matter for the great yogis. He is changeless, and He is the soul of all.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from the Visnu Purana (1.12.57).

TEXT 73

TEXT

sei brahma-sabde kahe svayam-bhagavan

advitiya-jnana, yanha vina nahi ana

SYNONYMS

sei--that; brahma--brahma; sabde--by the word; kahe--it is said; svayam-bhagavan--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; advitiya-jnana--the supreme one, without duality; yanha--which; vina--without; nahi ana--there is nothing else.

TRANSLATION

"The proper meaning of the word brahma is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is one without a second and without whom nothing exists.

TEXT 74

TEXT

vadanti tat tattva-vidas

tattvam yaj jnanam advayam

brahmeti paramatmeti

bhagavan iti sabdyate

SYNONYMS

vadanti--they say; tat--that; tattva-vidah--learned souls; tattvam--the Absolute Truth; yat--which; jnanam--knowledge; advayam--nondual; brahma--Brahman; iti--thus; paramatma--Paramatma; iti--thus; bhagavan--Bhagavan; iti--thus; sabdyate--is known.

TRANSLATION

" 'Learned transcendentalists who know the Absolute Truth say that it is nondual knowledge and is called impersonal Brahman, localized Paramatma and the Personality of Godhead.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.2.11). For an explanation, see Adi-lila (2.11).

TEXT 75

TEXT

sei advaya-tattva krsna----svayam-bhagavan

tina-kale satya tinho----sastra-pramana

SYNONYMS

sei--that; advaya-tattva--Absolute Truth without a second; krsna--Lord Krsna; svayam-bhagavan--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; tina-kale--in three phases of time (past, present and future); satya--truth; tinho--He; sastra-pramana--the verdict of all Vedic literature.

TRANSLATION

"That Absolute Truth without a second is Lord Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead. He is the supreme truth in the past, present and future. That is the evidence of all revealed scriptures.

TEXT 76

TEXT

aham evasam evagre

nanyad yat sad-asat-param

pascad aham yad etac ca

yo 'vasisyeta so 'smy aham

SYNONYMS

aham--I, the Personality of Godhead; eva--certainly; asam--existed; eva--only; agre--before the creation; na--never; anyat--anything else; yat--which; sat--the effect; asat--the cause; param--the supreme; pascat--after; aham--I, the Personality of Godhead; yat--which; etat--this creation; ca--also; yah--who; avasisyeta--remains; sah--that; asmi--am; aham--I, the Personality of Godhead.

TRANSLATION

" 'Prior to the cosmic creation, only I exist, and no phenomena exist, either gross, subtle or primordial. After creation, only I exist in everything, and after annihilation only I remain eternally.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (2.9.33). For an explanation see Adi-lila (1.53).

TEXT 77

TEXT

'atma'-sabde kahe krsna brhattva-svarupa

sarva-vyapaka, sarva-saksi, parama-svarupa

SYNONYMS

atma--atma; sabde--by the word; kahe--it is said; krsna--the Supreme Lord Krsna; brhattva--the greatest of all; sva-rupa--identity; sarva-vyapaka--all pervasive; sarva-saksi--the witness of all; parama-svarupa--the supreme form.

TRANSLATION

"The word atma [self] indicates the highest truth, Krsna. He is the all-pervasive witness of all, and He is the supreme form.

TEXT 78

TEXT

atatatvac ca matrtvad

atma hi paramo harih

SYNONYMS

atatatvat--due to being all-pervading; ca--and; matrtvat--due to being the progenitor; atma--the soul; hi--certainly; paramah--supreme; harih--the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

TRANSLATION

" 'Hari, the Personality of Godhead, is the all-pervasive original source of everything; He is therefore the Supersoul of everything.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from the Bhavartha-dipika, Sridhara Svami's commentary on Srimad-Bhagavatam.

TEXT 79

TEXT

sei krsna-prapti-hetu trividha 'sadhana'

jnana, yoga, bhakti,----tinera prthak laksana

SYNONYMS

sei--those; krsna-prapti--of achieving the lotus feet of Krsna; hetu--causes; tri-vidha sadhana--the three kinds of execution; jnana--knowledge; yoga--mystic yoga practice; bhakti--and devotional service; tinera--of these three; prthak laksana--the symptoms are different.

TRANSLATION

"There are three ways to attain the lotus feet of the Absolute Truth, Krsna. There is the process of philosophical speculation, the practice of mystic yoga and the execution of devotional service. Each of these has its different characteristics.

TEXT 80

TEXT

tina sadhane bhagavan tina svarupe bhase

brahma, paramatma, bhagavatta,----trividha prakase

SYNONYMS

tina sadhane--by these three different processes; bhagavan--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; tina--three; sva-rupe--in identities; bhase--appears; brahma--the impersonal feature; paramatma--the localized feature; bhagavatta--and the Supreme Personality of Godhead; trividha prakase--three manifestations.

TRANSLATION

"The Absolute Truth is the same, but according to the process by which one understands Him, He appears in three forms-as Brahman, Paramatma, and Bhagavan, the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

TEXT 81

TEXT

vadanti tat tattva-vidas

tattvam yaj jnanam advayam

brahmeti paramatmeti

bhagavan iti sabdyate

SYNONYMS

vadanti--they say; tat--that; tattva-vidah--learned souls; tattvam--the Absolute Truth; yat--which; jnanam--knowledge; advayam--nondual; brahma--Brahman; iti--thus; paramatma--Paramatma; iti--thus; bhagavan--Bhagavan; iti--thus; sabdyate--is known.

TRANSLATION

" 'Learned transcendentalists who know the Absolute Truth say that it is nondual knowledge and is called impersonal Brahman, localized Paramatma and the Personality of Godhead.'

TEXT 82

TEXT

'brahma-atma'-sabde yadi krsnere kahaya

'rudhi-vrttye' nirvisesa antaryami kaya

SYNONYMS

brahma-atma--brahma and atma; sabde--by these words; yadi--if; krsnere kahaya--Krsna is indicated; rudhi-vrttye--by the direct meaning; nirvisesa--impersonal; antaryami--the Supersoul; kaya--is said.

TRANSLATION

"Although the words brahma and atma indicate Krsna, their direct meaning refers only to the impersonal Brahman and the Supersoul.

TEXT 83

TEXT

jnana-marge----nirvisesa-brahma prakase

yoga-marge----antaryami-svarupete bhase

SYNONYMS

jnana-marge--the process of philosophical speculation; nirvisesa-brahma--the impersonal Brahman effulgence; prakase--becomes manifest; yoga-marge--by practicing mystic yoga; antaryami-svarupete--in the localized aspect, Supersoul; bhase--appears.

TRANSLATION

"If one follows the path of philosophical speculation, the Absolute Truth manifests Himself as impersonal Brahman, and if one follows the path of mystic yoga, He manifests Himself as the Supersoul.

TEXT 84

TEXT

raga-bhakti-vidhi-bhakti haya dui-rupa

'svayam-bhagavattve', bhagavattve----prakasa dvi-rupa

SYNONYMS

raga-bhakti--spontaneous devotional service; vidhi-bhakti--regulative devotional service; haya--are; dui-rupa--the two kinds of devotional service; svayam-bhagavattve--in the Supreme Personality of Godhead; bhagavattve--and in His personal expansion; prakasa dvi-rupa--the two kinds of manifestation.

TRANSLATION

"There are two kinds of devotional activity-spontaneous and regulative. By spontaneous devotional service, one attains the original Personality of Godhead, Krsna, and by the regulative process one attains the expansion of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

TEXT 85

TEXT

raga-bhaktye vraje svayam-bhagavane paya

SYNONYMS

raga-bhaktye--by the discharge of spontaneous devotional service; vraje--in Vrndavana; svayam--Himself; bhagavane--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; paya--one gets.

TRANSLATION

"By executing spontaneous devotional service in Vrndavana, one attains the original Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna.

TEXT 86

TEXT

nayam sukhapo bhagavan

dehinam gopika-sutah

jnaninam catma-bhutanam

yatha bhaktimatam iha

SYNONYMS

na--not; ayam--this Lord Sri Krsna; sukha-apah--easily available; bhagavan--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; dehinam--for materialistic persons who have accepted the body as the self; gopika-sutah--the son of mother Yasoda; jnaninam--for persons addicted to mental speculation; ca--and; atma-bhutanam--for persons performing severe austerities and penances; yatha--as; bhakti-matam--for persons engaged in spontaneous devotional service; iha--in this world.

TRANSLATION

" 'The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna, the son of mother Yasoda, is accessible to those devotees engaged in spontaneous loving service, but He is not as easily accessible to mental speculators, to those striving for self-realization by severe austerities and penances, or to those who consider the body the same as the self.'

PURPORT

This verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.9.21) is spoken by Srila Sukadeva Gosvami. It concerns the statement about Krsna's being subjugated by the gopis and thus glorifying them.

TEXT 87

TEXT

vidhi-bhaktye parsada-dehe vaikunthete yaya

SYNONYMS

vidhi-bhaktye--by executing regulative devotional service; parsada-dehe--in the form of an associate of the Lord; vaikunthete yaya--one achieves the Vaikuntha planets.

TRANSLATION

"By executing regulative devotional service, one becomes an associate of Narayana and attains the Vaikunthalokas, the spiritual planets in the spiritual sky.

TEXT 88

TEXT

yac ca vrajanty animisam rsabhanuvrttya

dure-yama hy upari nah sprhaniya-silah

bhartur mithah suyasasah kathananuraga-

vaiklavya-baspa-kalaya pulakikrtangah

SYNONYMS

yat--which; ca--also; vrajanti--go; animisam--of the demigods; rsabha-anuvrttya--by practicing the best means of spiritual life; dure--keeping at a distance; yamah--the regulative principles; hi--certainly; upari--above; nah--our; sprhaniya-silah--decorated with desirable qualities; bhartuh--of the master; mithah--mutually; su-yasasah--who has all transcendental qualities; kathana-anuraga--attracted to discussions; vaiklavya--transformation; baspa-kalaya--with tears in the eyes; pulakikrta--jubilation; angah--bodily limbs.

TRANSLATION

" 'Those who discuss the activities of Lord Krsna are on the highest platform of devotional life, and they evince the symptoms of tears in the eyes and bodily jubilation. Such persons discharge devotional service to Krsna without practicing the rules and regulations of the mystic yoga system. They possess all spiritual qualities, and they are elevated to the Vaikuntha planets, which exist above us.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (3.15.25). In this verse Lord Brahma is speaking to all the demigods, who feared the two asuras in Diti's womb. Lord Brahma described the Kumaras' visit to Vaikuntha, and this was again explained by Maitreya, the friend of Vyasadeva, when he gave instructions to Vidura.

TEXT 89

TEXT

sei upasaka haya trividha prakara

akama, moksa-kama, sarva-kama ara

SYNONYMS

sei upasaka--those devotees; haya--are; tri-vidha prakara--three varieties; akama--without material desires; moksa-kama--desiring to become liberated; sarva-kama--filled with all material desires; ara--and.

TRANSLATION

"The devotees are divided into three categories-akama [desireless], moksa-kama [desiring liberation], and sarva-kama [desiring material perfection].

TEXT 90

TEXT

akamah sarva-kamo va

moksa-kama udara-dhih

tivrena bhakti-yogena

yajeta purusam param

SYNONYMS

akamah--without material desires; sarva-kamah--full of all material desires; va--or; moksa-kamah--desiring liberation; udara-dhih--sincere and advanced in devotional service; tivrena--firm; bhakti-yogena--by the practice of bhakti-yoga; yajeta--should worship; purusam param--the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

TRANSLATION

" 'One who is actually intelligent, although he may be a devotee free from material desires, a karmi desiring all kinds of material facilities, or a jnani desiring liberation, should seriously engage in bhakti-yoga for the satisfaction of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (2.3.10).

TEXT 91

TEXT

buddhiman-arthe----yadi 'vicara-jna' haya

nija-kama lagiha tabe krsnere bhajaya

SYNONYMS

buddhiman-arthe--by the meaning of intelligent; yadi--if; vicara-jna--expert in scrutinizing things; haya--is; nija-kama lagiha--even for sense gratification; tabe--then; krsnere bhajana--worships Lord Krsna.

TRANSLATION

"The meaning of the word udara-dhih is buddhiman-intelligent or considerate. Because of this, even for one's own sense gratification one engages in the devotional service of Lord Krsna.

TEXT 92

TEXT

bhakti vinu kona sadhana dite nare phala

saba phala deya bhakti svatantra prabala

SYNONYMS

bhakti vinu--without devotional service; kona--some; sadhana--practice for perfection; dite--to give; nare--not able; phala--any result; saba phala--all the results of different processes; deya--give; bhakti--devotional service; svatantra--independent; prabala--and powerful.

TRANSLATION

"The other processes cannot yield results unless they are associated with devotional service. Devotional service, however, is so strong and independent that it can give one all the desired results.

TEXT 93

TEXT

aja-gala-stana-nyaya anya sadhana

ataeva hari bhaje buddhiman jana

SYNONYMS

aja-gala-stana-nyaya--like the nipples on the neck of a goat; anya--other; sadhana--execution of spiritual life; ataeva--therefore; hari--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; bhaje--one worships; buddhiman jana--the intelligent person.

TRANSLATION

"With the exception of devotional service, all the methods of self-realization are like nipples on the neck of a goat. An intelligent person adopts only devotional service, giving up all other processes of self-realization.

PURPORT

Without devotional service, other methods for self-realization and spiritual life are useless. Other methods cannot produce good results at any time, and therefore they are compared to the nipples on the neck of a goat. These nipples cannot produce milk, although it may appear that they can. An unintelligent person cannot understand that only devotional service can elevate one to the transcendental position.

TEXT 94

TEXT

catur-vidha bhajante mam

janah sukrtino 'rjuna

arto jijnasur artharthi

jnani ca bharatarsabha

SYNONYMS

catuh-vidhah--four kinds; bhajante--worship; mam--Me; janah--persons; sukrtinah--who have obeyed the principles of human life or the regulative principles of varna and asrama; arjuna--O Arjuna; artah--the distressed; jijnasuh--the inquisitive; artha-arthi--one in need of money; jnani--one pursuing knowledge; ca--also; bharata-rsabha--O best of the Bharata dynasty.

TRANSLATION

" 'O best among the Bharatas [Arjuna], four kinds of pious men render devotional service unto Me-the distressed, the desirer of wealth, the inquisitive, and he who is searching for knowledge of the Absolute.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Bhagavad-gita (7.16). The word sukrtinah is very important in this verse. Su means "auspicious," and krti means "meritorious" or "regulated." Unless one follows the regulative principles of religious life, human life is no different from animal life. Religious life means following the principles of varna and asrama. In the Visnu Purana it is said:

varnasramacara-vata

purusena parah puman

visnur aradhyate pantha

nanyat tat-tosa-karanam

According to religious life, society is divided into four social divisions-brahmana, ksatriya, vaisya and sudra-and four spiritual divisions-brahmacarya, grhastha, vanaprastha and sannyasa. One needs to be trained to become a brahmana, ksatriya, vaisya or sudra, just as one is trained to become an engineer, doctor or lawyer. Those who are properly trained can be considered human beings; if one is not trained socially and spiritually-that is, if one is uneducated and unregulated-his life is on the animal platform. Among animals there is no question of spiritual advancement. Spiritual life can be attained by proper training-either by following the principles of varna and asrama or by being directly trained in the bhakti school by the methods of sravanam kirtanam visnoh smaranam pada-sevanam.arcanam vandanam dasyam sakhyam atma-nivedanam. Without being trained, one cannot be sukrti, auspicious. In this verse Krsna says that people approach Him when in distress, in need of money or when actually inquisitive to understand the Supreme Being or the original source of everything. Some people approach Him in the pursuit of knowledge of the Absolute Truth, and others approach Him when they are distressed, like the devotee Gajendra. Others are inquisitive, like the great sages headed by Sanaka, and others need money, like Dhruva Maharaja. Sukadeva Gosvami approached the Lord when he pursued knowledge. All these great personalities thus took to the devotional service of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna.

TEXT 95

TEXT

arta, artharthi,----dui sakama-bhitare gani

jijnasu, jnani,----dui moksa-kama mani

SYNONYMS

arta--distressed; artha-arthi--desirous of money; dui--two persons; sakama-bhitare--in the division of material activities; gani--we consider; jijnasu--inquisitive; jnani--pursuing knowledge; dui--two; moksa-kama--transcendentalists pursuing spiritual knowledge for liberation; mani--I consider.

TRANSLATION

"Materialistic devotees take to devotional service and worship Krsna when they are distressed or in need of money. Those who are actually inquisitive to understand the supreme source of everything and those who are in search of knowledge are called transcendentalists, for they desire liberation from all material contamination.

TEXT 96

TEXT

ei cari sukrti haya maha-bhagyavan

tat-tat-kamadi chadi' haya suddha-bhaktiman

SYNONYMS

ei cari--these four persons; sukrti--pious men; haya--are; maha-bhagyavan--highly fortunate; tat-tat--those respective; kama-adi--aspirations; chadi'--giving up; haya--become; suddha-bhaktiman--pure devotees.

TRANSLATION

"Because they have a pious background, all four types of people are to be considered greatly fortunate. Such people gradually give up material desires and become pure devotees.

TEXT 97

TEXT

sadhu-sanga-krpa kimva krsnera krpaya

kamadi 'duhsanga' chadi' suddha-bhakti paya

SYNONYMS

sadhu-sanga-krpa--by the mercy of association with devotees; kimva--or; krsnera krpaya--by the mercy of Krsna; kama-adi--material desires and so on; duhsanga--unwanted association; chadi'--giving up; suddha-bhakti paya--one obtains the platform of pure devotional life.

TRANSLATION

"One is elevated to the platform of devotional life by the mercy of a Vaisnava, the bona fide spiritual master, and by the special mercy of Krsna. On that platform, one gives up all material desires and the association of unwanted people. Thus one is elevated to the platform of pure devotional service.

TEXT 98

TEXT

sat-sangan mukta-duhsango

hatum notsahate budhah

kirtyamanam yaso yasya

sakrd akarnya rocanam

SYNONYMS

sat-sangat--by the association of pure devotees; mukta--freed; duhsangah--the association of materialistic persons; hatum--to give up; na--not; utsahate--is able; budhah--one who is actually learned; kirtyamanam--being glorified; yasah--the glories; yasya--of whom (the Supreme Personality of Godhead); sakrt--once; akarnya--hearing; rocanam--very pleasing.

TRANSLATION

" 'The intelligent, who have understood the Supreme Lord in the association of pure devotees and have become free from bad materialistic association, can never avoid hearing the glories of the Lord, even though they have heard them only once.'

PURPORT

This is a verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.10.11). All the members of the Kuru dynasty offered respects when Krsna was leaving Hastinapura after the Battle of Kuruksetra. Krsna was going to His own kingdom, and all the members of the Kuru dynasty were overwhelmed by His departure. This verse was spoken in that connection by Sukadeva Gosvami. A pure devotee becomes attached to Krsna by hearing the Lord's glories. The Lord's glories and the Lord Himself are identical. One has to be qualified to understand this Absolute Truth; therefore one should be given a chance to associate with a pure devotee. Our Krsna consciousness movement is meant for this purpose. We want to create pure devotees so that other people will benefit by their association. In this way the number of pure devotees increases. Professional preachers cannot create pure devotees. There are many professional preachers of Srimad-Bhagavatam who read this work to earn their livelihood. However, they cannot convert materialistic people to devotional service. Only a pure devotee can convert others to pure devotional service. It is therefore important for all the preachers in our Krsna consciousness movement to first become pure devotees and follow the regulative principles, refraining from illicit sex, meat-eating, gambling and intoxication. They should regularly chant the Hare Krsna maha-mantra on their beads, follow the devotional process, rise early in the morning, attend mangala-arati and recite Srimad-Bhagavatam and Bhagavad-gita regularly. In this way, one can become purified and free from all material contamination.

sarvopadhi-vinirmuktam

tat-paratvena nirmalam

hrsikena hrsikesa-

sevanam bhaktir ucyate

(Narada-pancaratra)

To make a show of devotional service will not help one. One must be a pure devotee following the devotional process; then one can convert others to devotional service. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu practiced devotional service and preached (apani acari' bhakti karila pracara). If a preacher behaves properly in devotional service, he will be able to convert others. Otherwise, his preaching will have no effect.

TEXT 99

TEXT

'duhsanga' kahiye----'kaitava', 'atma-vancana'

krsna, krsna-bhakti vinu anya kamana

SYNONYMS

duhsanga--bad, unwanted association; kahiye--I say; kaitava--cheating; atma-vancana--cheating oneself; krsna--Lord Krsna; krsna-bhakti--devotional service to Krsna; vinu--without; anya--other; kamana--desires.

TRANSLATION

"Cheating oneself and cheating others is called kaitava. Associating with cheaters is called duhsanga, bad association. Those who desire things other than Krsna's service are also called duhsanga, bad association.

TEXT 100

TEXT

dharmah projjhita-kaitavo 'tra paramo nirmatsaranam satam

vedyam vastavam atra vastu sivadam tapa-trayonmulanam

srimad-bhagavate mahamuni-krte kim va parair isvarah

sadyo hrdy avarudhyate 'tra krtibhih susrusubhis tat-ksanat

SYNONYMS

dharmah--religiosity; projjhita--completely rejected; kaitavah--in which fruitive intention; atra--herein; paramah--the highest; nirmatsaranam--of the fully pure in heart; satam--devotees; vedyam--to be understood; vastavam--factual; atra--herein; vastu--substance; siva-dam--giving well-being; tapa-traya--of threefold miseries; unmulanam--causing uprooting; srimat--beautiful; bhagavate--in the Bhagavata Purana; maha-muni--by the great sage (Vyasadeva); krte--compiled; kim--what; va--indeed; paraih--with others; isvarah--the Supreme Lord; sadyah--at once; hrdi--within the heart; avarudhyate--becomes confined; atra--herein; krtibhih--by pious men; susrusubhih--desiring to hear; tat-ksanat--without delay.

TRANSLATION

" 'The great scripture Srimad-Bhagavatam, compiled by Mahamuni Vyasadeva from four original verses, describes the most elevated and kindhearted devotees and completely rejects the cheating ways of materially motivated religiosity. It propounds the highest principle of eternal religion, which can factually mitigate the threefold miseries of a living being and award the highest benediction of full prosperity and knowledge. Those willing to hear the message of this scripture in a submissive attitude of service can at once capture the Supreme Lord in their hearts. Therefore there is no need for any scripture other than Srimad-Bhagavatam.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.1.2). For an explanation see also Adi-lila (1.91).

TEXT 101

TEXT

'pra'-sabde----moksa-vancha kaitava-pradhana

ei sloke sridhara-svami kariyachena vyakhyana

SYNONYMS

pra-sabde--by the affix pra; moksa-vancha--the desire for being liberated; kaitava-pradhana--first-class cheating; ei sloke--in this verse; sridhara-svami--the great commentator Sridhara Svami; kariyachena--has made; vyakhyana--explanation.

TRANSLATION

"The prefix pra in the word projjhita specifically refers to those desiring liberation or oneness with the Supreme. Such a desire should be understood to result from a cheating propensity. The great commentator Sridhara Svami has explained this verse in that way.

TEXT 102

TEXT

sakama-bhakte 'ajna' jani' dayalu bhagavan

sva-carana diya kare icchara pidhana

SYNONYMS

sakama-bhakte--to devotees who still have material desires to fulfill; ajna--foolish; jani'--knowing; dayalu--merciful; bhagavan--Sri Krsna; sva-carana--His own lotus feet; diya--giving; kare--does; icchara pidhana--the covering of other desires.

TRANSLATION

"When the merciful Lord Krsna understands a devotee's foolish desire for material prosperity, He gratefully gives him the shelter of His lotus feet. In this way, the Lord covers his undesirable ambitions.

TEXT 103

TEXT

satyam disaty arthitam arthito nrnam

naivarthado yat punar arthita yatah

svayam vidhatte bhajatam anicchatam

iccha-pidhanam nija-pada-pallavam

SYNONYMS

satyam--it is true; disati--He awards; arthitam--that which is desired; arthitah--being requested; nrnam--by human beings; na--not; eva--certainly; artha-dah--giving desired things; yat--which; punah--again; arthita--request; yatah--from which; svayam--Himself; vidhatte--He gives; bhajatam--of those engaged in devotional service; anicchatam--even though not desiring; iccha-pidhanam--covering all other desires; nija-pada-pallavam--the shelter of His own lotus feet.

TRANSLATION

" 'Whenever Krsna is requested to fulfill one's desire, He undoubtedly does so, but He does not award anything which, after being enjoyed, will cause someone to petition Him again and again to fulfill further desires. When one has other desires but engages in the Lord's service, Krsna forcibly gives one shelter at His lotus feet, where one will forget all other desires.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (5.19.27).

TEXT 104

TEXT

sadhu-sanga, krsna-krpa, bhaktira svabhava

e tine saba chadaya, kare krsne 'bhava'

SYNONYMS

sadhu-sanga--the association of devotees; krsna-krpa--the mercy of Lord Krsna; bhaktira--of devotional service; sva-bhava--nature; e tine--these three; saba chadaya--cause one to give up everything else; kare--do; krsne--unto Lord Krsna; bhava--the loving affairs.

TRANSLATION

"Association with a devotee, the mercy of Krsna, and the nature of devotional service help one to give up all undesirable association and gradually attain elevation to the platform of love of Godhead.

PURPORT

This verse refers to the association of pure devotees, the mercy of Krsna and the rendering of devotional service. All these help one give up the association of nondevotees and the material opulence awarded by the external energy, maya. A pure devotee is never attracted by material opulence, for he understands that wasting time to acquire material opulence is a misuse of the gift of human life. In Srimad-Bhagavatam it is said: srama eva hi kevalam. In the eyes of a devotee, politicians, social workers, philanthropists, philosophers and humanitarians are simply wasting their time, for human society is not freed from the cycle of birth and death by their activity and propaganda. These so-called philanthropists, politicians and philosophers have no knowledge because they do not know that there is life after death. Understanding that there is life after death is the beginning of spiritual knowledge. A person can understand himself and what he is simply by understanding the first lessons of Bhagavad-gita.

dehino 'smin yatha dehe

kaumaram yauvanam jara

tatha dehantara-praptir

dhiras tatra na muhyati

"As the embodied soul continuously passes, in this body, from boyhood to youth to old age, the soul similarly passes into another body at death. The self-realized soul is not bewildered by such a change." (Bg. 2.13)

Not knowing the real science of life one engages in the temporary activities of this life and thus becomes further entangled in the cycle of birth and death. Thus one always desires material opulence, which can be attained by karma, jnana and yoga. However, when one is actually elevated to the devotional platform, he gives up all these desires. This is called anyabhilasita-sunya. Then one becomes a pure devotee.

TEXT 105

TEXT

age yata yata artha vyakhyana kariba

krsna-gunasvadera ei hetu janiba

SYNONYMS

age--ahead; yata yata--as many as; artha--meanings; vyakhyana kariba--I shall explain; krsna-guna-asvadera--of tasting the transcendental qualities of Krsna; ei--this; hetu--reason; janiba--we shall understand.

TRANSLATION

"In this way I shall progressively explain all the words in the verse. It should be understood that all these words are meant to enable one to taste the transcendental quality of Krsna.

TEXT 106

TEXT

sloka-vyakhya lagi' ei karilun abhasa

ebe kari slokera mulartha prakasa

SYNONYMS

sloka-vyakhya--of the explanation of the verse; lagi'--for the matter; ei--this; karilun--I did; abhasa--indication; ebe--now; kari--let Me do; slokera--of the verse; mula-artha--the real meaning; prakasa--the manifestation.

TRANSLATION

"I have given all these explanations just to indicate the purpose of the verse. Allow Me to explain the real purpose of the verse.

TEXT 107

TEXT

jnana-marge upasaka----duita' prakara

kevala brahmopasaka, moksakanksi ara

SYNONYMS

jnana-marge--on the path of philosophical speculation; upasaka--worshipers; duita' prakara--two varieties; kevala--only; brahma-upasaka--the worshiper of impersonal Brahman; moksa-akanksi--desiring liberation; ara--and.

TRANSLATION

"There are two kinds of worshipers on the path of philosophical speculation-one is brahma-upasaka, a worshiper of the impersonal Brahman, and the other is called moksakanksi, one who desires liberation.

TEXT 108

TEXT

kevala brahmopasaka tina bheda haya

sadhaka, brahmamaya, ara prapta-brahma-laya

SYNONYMS

kevala brahma-upasaka--the worshiper of only the impersonal Brahman; tina bheda haya--there are three different groups; sadhaka--the beginner; brahma-maya--absorbed in thought of Brahman; ara--and; prapta-brahma-laya--actually merged into the Brahman effulgence.

TRANSLATION

"There are three types of people who worship the impersonal Brahman. The first is the beginner, the second is one whose thoughts are absorbed in Brahman, and the third is one who is actually merged in the impersonal Brahman.

TEXT 109

TEXT

bhakti vina kevala jnane 'mukti' nahi haya

bhakti sadhana kare yei 'prapta-brahma-laya'

SYNONYMS

bhakti--devotional service; vina--without; kevala--only; jnane--by philosophical speculation; mukti--liberation; nahi haya--there is not; bhakti--devotional service; sadhana--practice; kare--does; yei--anyone who; prapta-brahma-laya--as good as merging into the impersonal Brahman.

TRANSLATION

"One cannot attain liberation simply through philosophical speculation devoid of devotional service. However, if one renders devotional service, he is automatically on the Brahman platform.

TEXT 110

TEXT

bhaktira svabhava,----brahma haite kare akarsana

divya deha diya karaya krsnera bhajana

SYNONYMS

bhaktira--of devotional service; sva-bhava--nature; brahma--impersonal Brahman realization; haite--from; kare--does; akarsana--attracting; divya--transcendental; deha--body; diya--offering; karaya--causes to perform; krsnera bhajana--the service of Lord Krsna.

TRANSLATION

"Characteristically, one in devotional service is attracted away from the impersonal Brahman platform. Be is offered a transcendental body to engage in Lord Krsna's service.

TEXT 111

TEXT

bhakta-deha paile haya gunera smarana

gunakrsta hana kare nirmala bhajana

SYNONYMS

bhakta-deha--the body of a devotee; paile--when one gets; haya--there is; gunera smarana--remembrance of the transcendental qualities; guna-akrsta hana--being attracted by the transcendental qualities; kare--performs; nirmala bhajana--pure devotional service.

TRANSLATION

"When one gets a devotee's spiritual body, he can remember the transcendental qualities of Krsna. Simply by being attracted to Krsna's transcendental qualities, one becomes a pure devotee engaged in His service.

PURPORT

Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura has given the following summary of verses 107-111. Transcendentalists on the path of philosophical speculation can be divided into two categories-the pure worshiper of impersonal Brahman and he who wishes to merge into the existence of impersonal Brahman. When one is fully absorbed in the thought that one is not different from the Supreme Absolute Truth, one is said to be a worshiper of the impersonal Brahman. The impersonal worshipers of Brahman can again be divided into three categories-(1) sadhaka, those who are nearing perfect execution of the process of Brahman realization; (2) those who are fully absorbed in meditation on Brahman; and (3) those who are on the brahma-bhuta platform and have no relationship with material existence. Even though the worshiper of impersonal Brahman can be highly advanced, he cannot attain liberation without discharging devotional service. Anyone who has realized himself as spirit soul can engage in devotional service. This is the verdict of Bhagavad-gita:

brahma-bhutah prasannatma

na socati na kanksati

samah sarvesu bhutesu

mad-bhaktim labhate param

"One who is thus transcendentally situated at once realizes the Supreme Brahman and is fully joyful. He never laments nor desires to have anything; he is equally disposed to every living entity. In that state he attains pure devotional service unto Me." (Bg. 18.54)

To attain the platform of pure devotional service, one has to become spiritually pure and attain the brahma-bhuta platform, which is beyond material anxiety and material discrimination. When one approaches pure devotional service after realizing Brahman, one becomes attracted by pure devotional service. At such a time, by rendering devotional service, one gets a spiritual body with purified senses.

sarvopadhi-vinirmuktam

tatparatvena nirmalam

hrsikena hrsikesa-

sevanam bhaktir ucyate

When one's senses are pure, one can render loving devotional service to Krsna. A pure devotee can only remember Krsna's transcendental qualities. Remembering them, he fully engages in the loving service of the Lord.

TEXT 112

TEXT

"mukta api lilaya vigraham

krtva bhagavantam bhajante"

SYNONYMS

muktah--liberated; api--although; lilaya--by pastimes; vigraham--the form of the Lord; krtva--having installed; bhagavantam--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; bhajante--worship.

TRANSLATION

" 'Even a liberated soul merged in the impersonal Brahman effulgence is attracted to the pastimes of Krsna. He thus installs a Deity and renders the Lord service.'

PURPORT

Highly elevated Mayavadi sannyasis sometimes worship the Radha-Krsna Deity and discuss the pastimes of the Lord, but their purpose is not elevation to Goloka Vrndavana. They want to merge into the Lord's effulgence. This statement is quoted from Sankaracarya's commentary on the Upanisad known as Nrsimha-tapani.

TEXT 113

TEXT

janma haite suka-sanakadi 'brahmamaya'

krsna-gunakrsta hana krsnere bhajaya

SYNONYMS

janma haite--from birth; suka--Sukadeva Gosvami; sanaka-adi--the four Kumaras; brahma-maya--absorbed in the thought of impersonal Brahman; krsna-guna-akrsta--attracted by the transcendental pastimes of the Lord; hana--becoming; krsnere bhajaya--worshiped Lord Krsna.

TRANSLATION

"Although Sukadeva Gosvami and the four Kumaras were always absorbed in the thought of impersonal Brahman and were thus Brahmavadis, they were nonetheless attracted by the transcendental pastimes and qualities of Krsna. Therefore they later became devotees of Krsna.

TEXT 114

TEXT

sanakadyera krsna-krpaya saurabhe hare mana

gunakrsta hana kare nirmala bhajana

SYNONYMS

sanaka-adyera--of the four Kumaras, headed by Sanaka; krsna-krpaya--by the mercy of the Lord; saurabhe--the fragrance; hare--took away; mana--the minds; guna-akrsta hana--thus being attracted by the qualities of Krsna; kare--perform; nirmala bhajana--pure devotional service.

TRANSLATION

"The minds of the four Kumaras were attracted by the aroma of the flowers offered to Krsna's lotus feet. Being thus attracted by the transcendental qualities of Krsna, they engaged in pure devotional service.

TEXT 115

TEXT

tasyaravinda-nayanasya padaravinda-

kinjalka-misra-tulasi-makaranda-vayuh

antargatah svavivarena cakara tesam

sanksobham aksara-jusam api citta-tanvoh

SYNONYMS

tasya--of Him; aravinda-nayanasya--of the lotus-eyed Lord; pada-aravinda--of the lotus feet; kinjalka--with the toes; misra--mixed; tulasi--the tulasi leaves; makaranda--fragrance; vayuh--breeze; antargatah--entered within; sva-vivarena--through their nostrils; cakara--made; tesam--of the Kumaras; sanksobham--agitation for change; aksara-jusam--attached to impersonal Brahman realization; api--even though; citta-tanvoh--in both mind and body.

TRANSLATION

" 'When the breeze carrying the aroma of tulasi leaves and saffron from the lotus feet of the lotus-eyed Personality of Godhead entered through the nostrils into the hearts of those sages [the Kumaras], they experienced a change in both body and mind, even though they were attached to impersonal Brahman understanding.'

PURPORT

This is a verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (3.15.43).

TEXT 116

TEXT

vyasa-krpaya sukadevera liladi-smarana

krsna-gunakrsta hana karena bhajana

SYNONYMS

vyasa-krpaya--by the mercy of Srila Vyasadeva; sukadevera--of Sukadeva Gosvami; lila-adi-smarana--remembrance of the transcendental pastimes of Krsna; krsna guna-akrsta--attracted by the transcendental qualities of Krsna; hana--becoming; karena--performed; bhajana--loving service.

TRANSLATION

"By the mercy of Srila Vyasadeva, Sukadeva Gosvami was attracted by the pastimes of Lord Krsna. Being thus attracted by Krsna's transcendental qualities, he also became a devotee and engaged in His service.

TEXT 117

TEXT

harer gunaksipta-matir

bhagavan badarayanih

adhyagan mahad-akhyanam

nityam visnu-jana-priyah

SYNONYMS

hareh--of Lord Krsna; guna-aksipta-matih--whose mind was agitated by the qualities; bhagavan--the most powerful transcendentalist; badarayanih--Sukadeva, son of Vyasadeva; adhyagat--studied; mahat-akhyanam--the great epic description; nityam--eternally; visnu-jana-priyah--who is very dear to the Vaisnavas, devotees of Lord Visnu.

TRANSLATION

" 'Being very much attracted by the transcendental pastimes of the Lord, the mind of Srila Sukadeva Gosvami was agitated by Krsna consciousness. He therefore began to study Srimad-Bhagavatam by the grace of his father.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.7.11).

TEXT 118

TEXT

nava-yogisvara janma haite 'sadhaka' jnani

vidhi-siva-narada-mukhe krsna-guna suni'

SYNONYMS

nava--nine; yogi-isvara--great saintly yogis; janma haite--from the very birth; sadhaka--practicers; jnani--well versed in transcendental knowledge; vidhi--Lord Brahma; siva--Lord Siva; narada--the great sage Narada; mukhe--in their mouths; krsna-guna suni'--hearing the transcendental qualities of Krsna.

TRANSLATION

"From their very births, the nine great mystic yogis [Yogendras] were impersonal philosophers of the Absolute Truth. However, because they heard about Lord Krsna's qualities from Lord Brahma, Lord Siva and the great sage Narada, they also became Krsna's devotees.

TEXT 119

TEXT

gunakrsta hana kare krsnera bhajana

ekadasa-skandhe tanra bhakti-vivarana

SYNONYMS

guna-akrsta hana--being attracted by the transcendental qualities; kare--engaged in; krsnera bhajana--the devotional service of the Lord; ekadasa-skandhe--in the Eleventh Canto of Srimad-Bhagavatam; tanra--of them; bhakti-vivarana--description of the devotional service.

TRANSLATION

"In the Eleventh Canto of Srimad-Bhagavatam there is a full description of the devotional service of the nine Yogendras, who rendered devotional service because they were attracted by the Lord's transcendental qualities.

TEXT 120

TEXT

aklesam kamala-bhuvah pravisya gosthim

kurvantah sruti-sirasam srutim srutajnah

uttungam yadu-pura-sangamaya rangam

yogindrah pulaka-bhrto navapy avapuh

SYNONYMS

aklesam--without material trouble; kamala-bhuvah--of Lord Brahma, who took his birth from the lotus flower; pravisya--entering; gosthim--the association; kurvantah--continuously performing; sruti-sirasam--of the topmost Vedic knowledge; srutim--hearing; sruta-jnah--who are expert in Vedic knowledge; uttungam--very high; yadu-pura-sangamaya--for going back home, back to Godhead, to Dvaraka; rangam--to Ranga-ksetra; yogindrah--great saintly persons; pulaka-bhrtah--being spiritually pleased; nava--nine; api--although; avapuh--achieved.

TRANSLATION

" 'The nine Yogendras entered Lord Brahma's association and heard from him the real meaning of the topmost Vedic literatures-the Upanisads. Although they were already conversant in Vedic knowledge, they became very jubilant in Krsna consciousness just by listening to Brahma. Thus they wanted to enter Dvaraka, the abode of Lord Krsna. In this way they finally achieved the place known as Ranga-ksetra.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from the Maha Upanisad.

TEXT 121

TEXT

moksakanksi jnani haya tina-prakara

mumuksu, jivan-mukta, prapta-svarupa ara

SYNONYMS

moksa-akanksi--those who desire to merge into the impersonal Brahman; jnani--advanced in knowledge; haya--are; tina-prakara--three varieties; mumuksu--desiring to be liberated; jivat-mukta--already liberated, even in this life; prapta-svarupa--self-realized; ara--and.

TRANSLATION

"Those who wish to merge into the impersonal Brahman are also divided into three categories-those desiring to be liberated, those already liberated and those who have realized Brahman.

TEXT 122

TEXT

'mumuksu' jagate aneka samsari jana

'mukti' lagi' bhaktye kare krsnera bhajana

SYNONYMS

mumuksu--desiring to be liberated; jagate--in this world; aneka--many; samsari jana--engaged in material activities; mukti lagi'--for the sake of liberation; bhaktye--in devotional service; kare--perform; krsnera bhajana--the worship of Krsna.

TRANSLATION

"There are many people within this material world who desire liberation, and for this purpose they render devotional service to Lord Krsna.

TEXT 123

TEXT

mumuksavo ghora-rupan

hitva bhuta-patin atha

narayana-kalah santa

bhajanti hy anasuyavah

SYNONYMS

mumuksavah--those who are perfectly learned, who desire the highest perfection, and who, unlike demons and nondevotees, are never envious of anyone; ghora-rupan--demigods with fearful bodily features; hitva--giving up; bhuta-patin--the forefathers (prajapatis); atha--therefore; narayana-kalah--the plenary expansions of Lord Narayana; santah--very peaceful; bhajanti--they worship; hi--certainly; anasuyavah--nonenvious.

TRANSLATION

" 'Those who want to be relieved from the material clutches give up the worship of the various demigods, who have fearful bodily features. Such peaceful devotees, who are not envious of the demigods, worship the different forms of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Narayana.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.2.26). Those who actually want the highest perfection worship Lord Visnu in His different incarnations. Those who are attracted to the materialistic way of life and who are always agitated and full of anxiety worship demigods who appear fierce, demigods like goddess Kali and Kala-bhairava (Rudra). The devotees of Krsna, however, do not envy the demigods or their worshipers but peacefully render devotional service to the incarnations of Narayana instead.

TEXT 124

TEXT

sei sabera sadhu-sange guna sphuraya

krsna-bhajana karaya, 'mumuksa' chadaya

SYNONYMS

sei sabera--of all those worshipers of different demigods; sadhu-sange--the contact of real devotees; guna sphuraya--awakens the appreciation of transcendental qualities; krsna-bhajana karaya--engages in the devotional service of Lord Krsna; mumuksa chadaya--and causes to give up the desire to be liberated or merge into the impersonal feature of the Lord.

TRANSLATION

"If those who are attached to demigod worship fortunately associate with the devotees, their dormant devotional service and appreciation of the Lord's qualities gradually awaken. In this way they also engage in Krsna's devotional service and give up the desire for liberation and the desire to merge into the existence of impersonal Brahman.

PURPORT

The four Kumaras (Catuh-sana), Sukadeva Gosvami and the nine Yogendras were absorbed in Brahman realization, and how they became devotees is described herein. There are three kinds of impersonalists-the mumuksu (those desiring liberation), the jivan-muktas (those liberated in this life) and the prapta-svarupas (those merged in Brahman realization). All three types of jnanis are called moksakanksis, those desiring liberation. By associating with devotees, such people give up the mumuksu principle and render devotional service. The real cause for this change is the association of devotees. This Krsna consciousness movement is meant to attract all types of men, even those who desire things other than the Lord's devotional service. Through the association of devotees, they gradually begin to render devotional service.

TEXT 125

TEXT

aho mahatman bahu-dosa-dusto

'py ekena bhaty esa bhavo gunena

sat-sangamakhyena sukhavahena

krtadya no yena krsa mumuksa

SYNONYMS

aho mahatman--O great devotee; bahu-dosa-dustah--infected with varieties of material disease or attachment; api--although; ekena--with one; bhati--shines; esah--this; bhavah--birth in this material world; gunena--with a good quality; sat-sangama-akhyena--known as association with devotees; sukha-avahena--which brings about happiness; krta--made; adya--now; nah--our; yena--by which; krsa--insignificant; mumuksa--the desire for liberation.

TRANSLATION

" 'O great learned devotee, although there are many faults in this material world, there is one good opportunity-the association with devotees. Such association brings about great happiness. Due to this good quality, our strong desire to achieve liberation by merging into the Brahman effulgence has become weakened.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from the Hari-bhakti-sudhodaya.

TEXT 126

TEXT

naradera sange saunakadi muni-gana

mumuksa chadiya kaila krsnera bhajana

SYNONYMS

naradera sange--by the association of the great saintly person Narada; saunaka-adi muni-gana--the great sages headed by Saunaka Muni; mumuksa chadiya--giving up the desire for liberation; kaila--performed; krsnera bhajana--devotional service to Krsna.

TRANSLATION

"By associating with the great saint Narada, the great sages like Saunaka and others gave up the desire for liberation and engaged in Krsna's devotional service.

TEXT 127

TEXT

krsnera darsane, karo krsnera krpaya

mumuksa chadiya gune bhaje tanra pa'ya

SYNONYMS

krsnera darsane--simply by meeting Krsna; karo--someone; krsnera krpaya--by the favor of Krsna; mumuksa chadiya--giving up the desire for liberation; gune--being attracted by the transcendental qualities of Krsna; bhaje--engages in service; tanra pa'ya--at the lotus feet of Krsna.

TRANSLATION

"Simply by meeting Krsna or receiving Krsna's special favor, one can give up the desire for liberation. Being attracted by the transcendental qualities of Krsna, one can engage in His service.

TEXT 128

TEXT

asmin sukha-ghana-murtau param-

atmani vrsni-pattane sphurati

atmaramataya me vrtha

gato bata ciram kalah

SYNONYMS

asmin--when this; sukha-ghana-murtau--form of complete happiness; parama-atmani--the Supreme Person; vrsni-pattane--in Dvaraka-dhama; sphurati--exists; atmaramataya--by the process of cultivating Brahman realization; me--my; vrtha--uselessly; gatah--wasted; bata--alas, what can I say; ciram--for a long time; kalah--time.

TRANSLATION

" 'In this Dvaraka-dhama, I am being attracted by the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna, who is personified spiritual bliss. Simply by seeing Him, I am feeling great happiness. Oh, I have wasted so much time trying to become self-realized through impersonal cultivation. This is a cause for lamentation!'

PURPORT

This verse is also found in the Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (3.1.34).

TEXT 129

TEXT

jivan-mukta' aneka, sei dui bheda jani

'bhaktye jivan-mukta', jnane jivan-mukta' mani

SYNONYMS

jivat-mukta--liberated in this life; aneka--there are many; sei--all of them; dui bheda--two divisions; jani--we consider; bhaktye jivat-mukta--one liberated in this life by pursuing the process of devotional service; jnane jivat-mukta--a person liberated in this life by following the process of philosophical speculation; mani--we can understand.

TRANSLATION

"There are many people who are liberated even in this lifetime. Some are liberated by discharging devotional service, and others are liberated through the philosophical speculative process.

TEXT 130

TEXT

'bhaktye jivan-mukta' gunakrsta hana krsna bhaje

suska-jnane jivan-mukta aparadhe adho maje

SYNONYMS

bhaktye jivat-mukta--persons liberated in this life by discharging devotional service; guna-akrsta hana--being attracted by the transcendental qualities of Krsna; krsna bhaje--engage in the devotional service of the Lord; suska-jnane jivat-mukta--so-called liberated in this life by dry, speculative knowledge; aparadhe--by offenses; adho maje--fall down.

TRANSLATION

"Those who are liberated by devotional service become more and more attracted by the transcendental qualities of Krsna. Thus they engage in His service. Those who are liberated by the speculative process eventually fall down again due to offensive activity.

TEXT 131

TEXT

ye 'nye 'ravindaksa vimukta-maninas

tvayy asta-bhavad avisuddha-buddhayah

aruhya krcchrena param padam tatah

patanty adho 'nadrta-yusmad-anghrayah

SYNONYMS

ye--all those who; anye--others (nondevotees); aravinda-aksa--O lotus-eyed one; vimukta-maninah--who consider themselves liberated; tvayi--unto You; asta-bhavat--without devotion; avisuddha-buddhayah--whose intelligence is not purified; aruhya--having ascended; krcchrena--by severe austerities and penances; param padam--to the supreme position; tatah--from there; patanti--fall; adhah--down; anadrta--without respecting; yusmat--Your; anghrayah--lotus feet.

TRANSLATION

" 'O lotus-eyed one, those who think they are liberated in this life but are without devotional service to You are of impure intelligence. Although they accept severe austerities and penances and rise to the spiritual position, to impersonal Brahman realization, they fall down again because they neglect to worship Your lotus feet.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.2.32).

TEXT 132

TEXT

brahma-bhutah prasannatma

na socati na kanksati

samah sarvesu bhutesu

mad-bhaktim labhate param

SYNONYMS

brahma-bhutah--being one with the Absolute; prasanna-atma--fully joyful; na--never; socati--laments; na--never; kanksati--desires; samah--equally disposed; sarvesu--all; bhutesu--to living entities; mat-bhaktim--My devotional service; labhate--gains; param--transcendental.

TRANSLATION

" 'One who is thus transcendentally situated at once realizes the Supreme Brahman and is fully joyful. Be never laments nor desires to have anything; he is equally disposed to every living entity. In that state he attains pure devotional service unto Me.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Bhagavad-gita (18.54).

TEXT 133

TEXT

advaita-vithi-pathikair upasyah

svananda-simhasana-labdha-diksah

sathena kenapi vayam hathena

dasi-krta gopa-vadhu-vitena

SYNONYMS

advaita-vithi--of the path of monism; pathikaih--by the wanderers; upasyah--worshipable; svananda--of self-realization; simhasana--on the throne; labdha-diksah--being initiated; sathena--by a cheater; kenapi--some; vayam--I; hathena--by force; dasi-krta--made into a maidservant; gopa-vadhu-vitena--engaged in joking with the gopis.

TRANSLATION

" 'Although I was worshiped by those on the path of monism and initiated into self-realization through the yoga system, I am nonetheless forcibly turned into a maidservant by some cunning boy who is always joking with the gopis.'

PURPORT

This is a verse written by Bilvamangala Thakura.

TEXT 134

TEXT

bhakti-bale 'prapta-svarupa' divya-deha paya

krsna-gunakrsta hana bhaje krsna-pa'ya

SYNONYMS

bhakti-bale--by the strength of devotional service; prapta-svarupa--attaining his original status; divya-deha--a transcendental body; paya--one gets; krsna-guna-akrsta--attracted by the transcendental qualities of Krsna; hana--being; bhaje--takes to devotional service; krsna-pa'ya--at Krsna's lotus feet.

TRANSLATION

"One who has attained his constitutional position by the strength of devotional service attains a transcendental body even in this lifetime. Being attracted by Lord Krsna's transcendental qualities, one fully engages in service at His lotus feet.

TEXT 135

TEXT

nirodho 'syanu sayanam

atmanah saha saktibhih

muktir hitvanyatha-rupam

svarupena vyavasthitih

SYNONYMS

nirodhah--winding up; asya--of this; anu--after; sayanam--lying down; atmanah--of the Supreme Lord; saha--with; saktibhih--the energies (marginal and external); muktih--liberation; hitva--giving up; anyatha--other; rupam--form; svarupena--with one's own eternal form; vyavasthitih--staying.

TRANSLATION

" 'The living entities and other potencies merge in the Maha-Visnu as the Lord lies down and winds up [destroys] the cosmic manifestation. Liberation means being situated in one's eternal original form, which he attains after giving up the changeable gross and subtle bodies.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (2.10.6).

TEXT 136

TEXT

krsna-bahirmukha-dose maya haite bhaya

krsnonmukha bhakti haite maya-mukta haya

SYNONYMS

krsna-bahih-mukha----of going against Krsna consciousness; dose----by the fault; maya haite----from the illusory energy; bhaya----fear; krsna-unmukha----in favor of Krsna consciousness; bhakti--devotional service; haite--from; maya-mukta--liberated from maya; haya--one becomes.

TRANSLATION

"By opposing Krsna consciousness, one again becomes conditioned and fearful due to the influence of maya. By executing devotional service faithfully, one is liberated from maya.

TEXT 137

TEXT

bhayam dvitiyabhinivesatah syad

isad apetasya viparyayo 'smrtih

tan-mayayato budha abhajet tam

bhaktyaikayesam guru-devatatma

SYNONYMS

bhayam--fear; dvitiya-abhinivesatah--from the misconception of being a product of material energy; syat--arises; isat--from the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna; apetasya--of one who has withdrawn (the conditioned soul); viparyayah--reversal of position; asmrtih--no conception of his relationship with the Supreme Lord; tat-mayaya--because of the illusory energy of the Supreme Lord; atah--therefore; budhah--one who is wise; abhajet--must worship; tam--Him; bhaktya--by devotional service; ekaya--undiverted to karma and jnana; isam--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; guru--as the spiritual master; devata--worshipable Lord; atma--Supersoul.

TRANSLATION

" 'When the living entity is attracted by the material energy that is separate from Krsna, he is overpowered by fear. Because he is separated from the Supreme Personality of Godhead by the material energy, his conception of life is reversed. In other words, instead of being the eternal servant of Krsna, he becomes Krsna's competitor. This is called viparyayah asmrtih. To nullify this mistake, one who is actually learned and advanced worships the Supreme Personality of Godhead as his spiritual master, worshipful Deity and source of life. Be thus worships the Lord by the process of unalloyed devotional service.'

PURPORT

This verse is quoted from Srimad-Bhagavatam (11.2.37).

TEXT 138

TEXT

daivi hy esa guna-mayi

mama maya duratyaya

mam eva ye prapadyante

mayam etam taranti te

SYNONYMS

daivi--belonging to the Supreme Lord; hi--certainly; esa--this; guna-mayi--made of the three modes; mama--My; maya--external energy; duratyaya--very difficult to surpass; mam--unto Me; eva--certainly; ye--those who; prapadyante--surrender fully; mayam--the illusory energy; etam--this; taranti--cross over; te--they.

TRANSLATION

" 'This divine energy of Mine, consisting of the three modes of material nature, is difficult to overcome. But those who have surrendered unto Me can easily cross beyond it.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Bhagavad-gita (7.14).

TEXT 139

TEXT

bhakti vinu mukti nahi, bhaktye mukti haya

SYNONYMS

bhakti--devotional service; vinu--without; mukti--liberation; nahi--there is not; bhaktye--actually by devotional service; mukti haya--liberation is attained.

TRANSLATION

"One does not attain liberation without rendering devotional service. Liberation is only attained by devotional service.

TEXT 140

TEXT

sreyah-srtim bhaktim udasya te vibho

klisyanti ye kevala-bodha-labdhaye

tesam asau klesala eva sisyate

nanyad yatha sthula-tusavaghatinam

SYNONYMS

sreyah-srtim--the auspicious path of liberation; bhaktim--devotional service; udasya--giving up; te--of You; vibho--O my Lord; klisyanti--accept increased difficulties; ye--all those persons who; kevala--only; bodha-labdhaye--for obtaining knowledge; tesam--for them; asau--that; klesalah--trouble; eva--only; sisyate--remains; na--not; anyat--anything else; yatha--as much as; sthula--bulky; tusa--husks of rice; avaghatinam--of those beating.

TRANSLATION

" 'My dear Lord, devotional service unto You is the only auspicious path. If one gives it up simply for speculative knowledge or the understanding that these living beings are spirit souls and the material world is false, he undergoes a great deal of trouble. Be only gains troublesome and inauspicious activities. His actions are like beating a husk that is already devoid of rice. One's labor becomes fruitless.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.14.4).

TEXT 141

TEXT

ye 'nye 'ravindaksa vimukta-maninas

tvayy asta-bhavad avisuddha-buddhayah

aruhya krcchrena param padam tatah

patanty adho 'nadrta-yusmad-anghrayah

SYNONYMS

ye--all those who; anye--others (nondevotees); aravinda-aksa--O lotus-eyed one; vimukta-maninah--who consider themselves liberated; tvayi--unto You; asta-bhavat--without devotion; avisuddha-buddhayah--whose intelligence is not purified; aruhya--having ascended; krcchrena--by severe austerities and penances; param padam--to the supreme position; tatah--from there; patanti--fall; adhah--down; anadrta--without respecting; yusmat--Your; anghrayah--lotus feet.

TRANSLATION

" 'O lotus-eyed one, those who think they are liberated in this life but are without devotional service to You are of impure intelligence. Although they accept severe austerities and penances and rise to the spiritual position, to impersonal Brahman realization, they fall down again because they neglect to worship Your lotus feet.'

PURPORT

This is a verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.2.32).

TEXT 142

TEXT

ya esam purusam saksad

atma-prabhavam isvaram

na bhajanty avajananti

sthanad bhrastah patanty adhah

SYNONYMS

ye--those who; esam--of those divisions of social and spiritual orders; purusam--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; saksat--directly; atma-prabhavam--the source of everyone; isvaram--the supreme controller; na--do not; bhajanti--worship; avajananti--or who neglect; sthanat--from their proper place; bhrastah--being fallen; patanti--fall; adhah--downward into hellish conditions.

TRANSLATION

" 'If one simply maintains an official position in the four varnas and asramas but does not worship the Supreme Lord Visnu, he falls down from his puffed up position into a hellish condition.'

PURPORT

This is also a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (11.5.3).

TEXT 143

TEXT

bhaktye mukti paileha avasya krsnere bhajaya

SYNONYMS

bhaktye--by devotional service; mukti--liberation; paileha--if one gets; avasya--certainly; krsnere--unto Lord Krsna; bhajaya--renders service.

TRANSLATION

"When one is actually liberated by executing devotional service, he always engages in the transcendental loving service of the Lord.

TEXT 144

TEXT

"mukta api lilaya vigraham

krtva bhagavantam bhajante"

SYNONYMS

muktah--liberated; api--although; lilaya--by the pastimes; vigraham--the form of the Lord; krtva--having installed; bhagavantam--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; bhajante--worship.

TRANSLATION

" 'Even a liberated soul merged in the impersonal Brahman effulgence is attracted to the pastimes of Krsna. Be thus installs a Deity and renders the Lord service.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Sankaracarya's commentary on the Nrsimha-tapani Upanisad.

TEXT 145

TEXT

ei chaya atmarama krsnere bhajaya

prthak prthak ca-kare iha 'api'ra artha kaya

SYNONYMS

ei chaya--all these six; atmarama--transcendentalists; krsnere bhajaya--render service to Krsna; prthak prthak--separately; ca-kare--in the use of the word ca; iha--here; 'api'ra--of the word api; artha--meaning; kaya--says.

TRANSLATION

"These six kinds of atmaramas engage in the loving service of Krsna. The varieties of service are indicated by adding ca, and they also bear the meaning of api, 'indeed.'

PURPORT

There are six kinds of atmaramas: the neophyte (sadhaka) student who is absorbed in Brahman realization (brahmamaya), one who has already attained the Brahman position (prapta-brahma-laya), one who desires to be liberated (mumuksu), one who is liberated even in this life (jivan-mukta), and one who is self-realized (prapta-svarupa).

TEXT 146

TEXT

"atmaramas ca api" kare krsne ahaituki bhakti

"munayah santah" iti krsna-manane asakti

SYNONYMS

atmaramah ca api--self-realized persons also; kare--do; krsne--unto Krsna; ahaituki bhakti--unmotivated devotional service; munayah santah--great saintly persons and transcendentalists; iti--thus; krsna-manane--in meditation on Krsna; asakti--attraction.

TRANSLATION

"The six kinds of atmaramas render devotional service to Krsna without ulterior motives. The words munayah and santah indicate those who are very attached to meditating upon Krsna.

TEXT 147

TEXT

"nirgranthah"----avidya-hina, keha----vidhi-hina

yahan yei yukta, sei arthera adhina

SYNONYMS

nirgranthah--nirgranthah; avidya-hina--without ignorance; keha--some of them; vidhi-hina--without following any regulative principles; yahan--wherever; yei--which; yukta--appropriate; sei arthera adhina--comes under that different import.

TRANSLATION

"The word nirgranthah means 'without ignorance' and 'devoid of rules and regulations.' Whichever meaning fits may be applied.

TEXT 148

TEXT

ca-sabde kari yadi'itaretara' artha

ara eka artha kahe parama samartha

SYNONYMS

ca-sabde--by the word ca; kari--I do; yadi--if; itaretara artha--different and separate meanings; ara--another; eka--one; artha--meaning; kahe--is said; parama samartha--highly suitable.

TRANSLATION

"By using the word ca in different places, there are different meanings. Over and above them, there is another meaning that is very important.

TEXT 149

TEXT

"atmaramas ca atmaramas ca" kari' bara chaya

panca atmarama chaya ca-kare lupta haya

SYNONYMS

atmaramah ca atmaramah ca--repeating the words atmaramah and ca; kari'--doing; bara chaya--six times; panca atmarama--five kinds of atmaramas; chaya--six; ca-kare--by the word ca; lupta haya--become unpronounced.

TRANSLATION

"Although the words atmaramas ca would be repeated six times, simply by adding the word ca, five atmaramas are deleted.

TEXT 150

TEXT

eka 'atmarama'-sabda avasesa rahe

eka 'atmarama'-sabde chaya-jana kahe

SYNONYMS

eka--one; atmarama--atmarama; sabda--vibration; avasesa rahe--remains at last; eka atmarama--one atmarama; sabde--by vibrating; chaya-jana--six persons; kahe--are indicated.

TRANSLATION

"Therefore there is no need to repeat the word atmarama. One is sufficient, and that one word indicates six persons.

TEXT 151

TEXT

"sarupanam eka-sesa eka-vibhaktau"

uktarthanam aprayogah

ramas ca ramas ca ramas ca rama itivat

SYNONYMS

sa-rupanam--of words of the same form; eka-sesah--only the last; eka-vibhaktau--in the same case; ukta-arthanam--of the previously spoken meanings; aprayogah--nonapplication; ramah ca--and Rama; ramah ca--and Rama; ramah ca--and Rama; ramah itivat--in this way, by one rama, many ramas are indicated.

TRANSLATION

" 'Of words having the same form and case termination, the last one is the only one retained. For example, the word ramah is used to stand for ramas ca, ramas ca, ramas ca, etc.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Panini's sutras (1.2.64).

TEXT 152

TEXT

tabe ye ca-kara, sei 'samuccaya' kaya

"atmaramas ca munayas ca" krsnere bhajaya

SYNONYMS

tabe--then; ye--that; ca-kara--syllable ca; sei--that; samuccaya--aggregation; kaya--is said; atmaramah ca--all those who enjoy in the self; munayah ca--all saintly persons; krsnere bhajaya--worship Krsna.

TRANSLATION

"By the aggregate use of the word ca, it is indicated that all the atmaramas and saints serve and worship Krsna.

TEXT 153

TEXT

"nirgrantha api"ra ei 'api'----sambhavane

ei sata artha prathame karilun vyakhyane

SYNONYMS

nirgranthah apira--of the words nirgranthah api; ei--this; api--api; sambhavane--in the matter of exposition; ei sata artha--these seven different meanings; prathame--in the beginning; karilun--I have done; vyakhyane--in explanation.

TRANSLATION

"Api added to the word nirgranthah is used for exposition. Thus I have tried to clarify the seven types of meaning.

TEXT 154

TEXT

antaryami-upasaka 'atmarama' kaya

sei atmarama yogira dui bheda haya

SYNONYMS

antaryami--of the Supersoul; upasaka--worshiper; atmarama kaya--is also said to be an atmarama; sei atmarama--that atmarama; yogira--of the mystic yogi; dui bheda haya--there are two kinds.

TRANSLATION

"The yogi who worships the Supersoul within himself is also called atmarama. There are two types of atmarama-yogis.

TEXT 155

TEXT

sagarbha, nigarbha,----ei haya dui bheda

eka eka tina bhede chaya vibheda

SYNONYMS

sagarbha--sagarbha; nigarbha--nigarbha; ei--thus; haya--there are; dui--two; bheda--different varieties; eka eka--each one; tina bhede--in three varieties; chaya vibheda--therefore there are six varieties.

TRANSLATION

"The two atmarama-yogis are called sagarbha and nigarbha. Each of these is divided into three; therefore there are six types of worshipers of the Supersoul.

PURPORT

The word sagarbha-yogi refers to a yogi who worships the Supersoul in the Visnu form. The nigarbha-yogi worships the Supersoul without form. The sagarbha and nigarbha yogis are further categorized: (1) sagarbha-yogaruruksu, (2) nigarbha-yogaruruksu, (3) sagarbha-yogarudha, (4) nigarbha-yogarudha, (5) sagarbha-prapta-siddhi and (6) nigarbha-prapta-siddhi.

TEXT 156

TEXT

kecit svadehantar hrdayavakase

pradesa-matram purusam vasantam

catur-bhujam kanja-rathanga-sankha-

gada-dharam dharanaya smaranti

SYNONYMS

kecit--some of them; sva-deha-antah--within one's own body; hrdaya-avakase--in the cavity of the heart; pradesa-matram--with the measurement of six inches; purusam--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; vasantam--residing; catuh-bhujam--with four hands; kanja--a lotus flower; ratha-anga--a disc like the wheel of a chariot; sankha--a conchshell; gada-dharam--holding the club; dharanaya--by such contemplation; smaranti--they remember.

TRANSLATION

" 'Some yogis think of the Lord within their hearts as measuring about six inches. The Lord has four hands, in which He holds a conchshell, club, disc and lotus flower. Those who worship this form of Visnu within the heart are called sagarbha-yogis.'

PURPORT

This verse is from Srimad-Bhagavatam (2.2.8).

TEXT 157

TEXT

evam harau bhagavati pratilabdha-bhavo

bhaktya dravad-dhrdaya utpulakah pramodat

autkanthya-baspa-kalaya muhur ardyamanas

tac capi citta-badisam sanakair viyunkte

SYNONYMS

evam--thus; harau--unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead; bhagavati--the Lord; pratilabdha-bhavah--one who has awakened a sense of ecstatic love; bhaktya--by devotional service; dravat--melting; hrdayah--the heart; utpulakah--very pleased; pramodat--because of happiness; autkanthya--with eagerness; baspa-kalaya--with tears in the eyes; muhuh--always; ardyamanah--merged in spiritual bliss; tat ca api--that also; citta-badisam--with the heart like a fishing hook; sanakaih--gradually; viyunkte--separates.

TRANSLATION

" 'When one is in ecstatic love with the Supreme Personality of Godhead, one's heart is melted by bhakti-yoga, and one feels transcendental bliss. There are bodily symptoms manifest, and, due to eagerness, there are tears in the eyes. Thus one is subjected to spiritual bliss. When the heart is overly afflicted, the meditative mind, like a fishing hook, is gradually separated from the object of meditation.'

PURPORT

This is also a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (3.28.34).

TEXT 158

TEXT

'yogaruruksu', 'yogarudha' 'prapta-siddhi' ara

ei tina bhede haya chaya prakara

SYNONYMS

yoga-aruruksu--persons desiring elevation to the platform of yogic perfection; yoga-arudha--persons already elevated to that position; prapta-siddhi--persons who have achieved the success; ara--also; ei tina--these three; bhede--by varieties; haya--there are; chaya prakara--six kinds.

TRANSLATION

"By these three divisions of advancement in yoga-yogaruruksu, yogarudha and prapta-siddhi-there are six kinds of mystic yogis.

TEXT 159

TEXT

aruruksor muner yogam

karma karanam ucyate

yogarudhasya tasyaiva

samah karanam ucyate

SYNONYMS

aruruksoh--of a person desiring to rise to the platform of yogic perfection; muneh--of a saintly person; yogam--spiritual knowledge; karma--work; karanam--the cause; ucyate--is said; yoga-arudhasya--of one who has attained such perfect knowledge; tasya--for him; eva--certainly; samah--controlling the mind without being disturbed; karanam--cause; ucyate--is said.

TRANSLATION

" 'Those who wish to rise to the platform of yogic perfection practice the yoga system and strictly follow its regulative principles. They practice the yoga postures, asanas and breathing exercises. Those who are already elevated to this platform practice meditation and keep their minds on the Supreme Lord. They reject all material activity and keep their minds in an equipoised condition [sama].

PURPORT

Texts 159 and 160 are from Bhagavad-gita (6.3--4).

TEXT 160

TEXT

yada hi nendriyarthesu

na karmasv anusajjate

sarva-sankalpa-sannyasi

yogarudhas tadocyate

SYNONYMS

yada--when; hi--certainly; na--not; indriya-arthesu--sense gratification; na--not; karmasu--in activities; anusajjate--one becomes engaged; sarva--all kinds of; sankalpa--desires; sannyasi--renouncing; yoga-arudhah--one who has actually attained perfection in the yoga system; tada--at that time; ucyate--is said.

TRANSLATION

" 'When a person is no longer interested in acting for sense gratification and when he renounces all material desires, he is said to be situated in perfect yoga [yogarudha].'

TEXT 161

TEXT

ei chaya yogi sadhu-sangadi-hetu pana

krsna bhaje krsna-gune akrsta hana

SYNONYMS

ei--this; chaya--six; yogi--mystics; sadhu--of devotees; sanga-adi--the association; hetu--because of; pana--getting; krsna bhaje--render service to Krsna; krsna-gune--by the transcendental qualities of Krsna; akrsta--attracted; hana--becoming.

TRANSLATION

"When a purified yogi associates with devotees, he engages in Lord Krsna's devotional service, being attracted by the Lord's transcendental qualities.

TEXT 162

TEXT

ca-sabde 'api'ra artha ihano kahaya

'muni', 'nirgrantha'-sabdera purvavat artha haya

SYNONYMS

ca-sabde--by the word ca; 'api'ra--of the word api; artha--the meaning; ihano--here also; kahaya--is applicable; muni--a saintly person; nirgrantha--fully liberated; sabdera--of the words; purva-vat--as mentioned above; artha haya--there are the meanings.

TRANSLATION

"The meanings of the words ca and api can be applied here. The meanings of the words muni and nirgrantha are the same as before.

TEXT 163

TEXT

urukrame ahaituki kahan kona artha

ei tera artha kahilun parama samartha

SYNONYMS

urukrame--unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who acts uncommonly; ahaituki--without motives; kahan--wherever; kona--some; artha--import; ei--in this way; tera artha--thirteen imports; kahilun--I have explained; parama--supremely; samartha--complete.

TRANSLATION

"The word ahaituki is always applicable to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Urukrama. In this way I have described the import of all these things in thirteen complete varieties.

PURPORT

The thirteen varieties mentioned are (1) sadhaka, the neophyte performer; (2) brahmamaya, one absorbed in the thought of impersonal Brahman; (3) prapta-brahma-laya, one who has actually attained Brahman perfection; (4) mumuksu, the desirer of liberation; (5) jivan-mukta, one who is liberated in this life; (6) prapta-svarupa, one who has attained one's original constitutional position; (7) nirgrantha-muni, a completely liberated saint; (8) sagarbha-yogaruruksu, a yogi meditating upon the four-handed Visnu form or desiring yogic perfection; (9) nigarbha-yogaruruksu, one who has attained perfection in impersonal meditation; (10) sagarbha-yogarudha, already elevated to the yoga perfection platform; (11) nigarbha-yogarudha, similarly impersonal yogi; (12) sagarbha-prapta-siddhi, one who has already attained the perfectional stage; (13) nigarbha-prapta-siddhi, one who has attained perfection by impersonal meditation.

TEXT 164

TEXT

ei saba santa yabe bhaje bhagavan

'santa' bhakta kari' tabe kahi tanra nama

SYNONYMS

ei saba--all these; santa--neutral; yabe--when; bhaje--worship; bhagavan--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; santa bhakta--devotees in the neutral stage of devotional service; kari'--describing as; tabe--that time; kahi--I speak; tanra--their; nama--name.

TRANSLATION

"These thirteen types of yogis and munis are called santa-bhaktas, for they render transcendental loving service to the Supreme Personality of Godhead in the neutral stage.

TEXT 165

TEXT

'atma' sabde 'mana' kaha----mane yei rame

sadhu-sange seha bhaje sri-krsna-carane

SYNONYMS

atma--atma; sabde--by the word; mana--the mind; kaha--if you say; mane--within the mind; yei rame--one who is satisfied by speculation; sadhu-sange--by the association of devotees; seha--he also; bhaje--takes to devotional service; sri-krsna-carane--at the lotus feet of Lord Krsna.

TRANSLATION

"The word atma sometimes means 'the mind.' In this case, the word atmarama means 'a person who is satisfied by mental speculation.' When such a person associates with a pure devotee, he takes to devotional service at the lotus feet of Krsna.

TEXT 166

TEXT

udaram upasate ya rsi-vartmasu kurpa-drsah

parisara-paddhatim hrdayam arunayo daharam

tata udagad ananta tava dhama sirah paramam

punar iha yat sametya na patanti krtanta-mukhe

SYNONYMS<footnote>For yogis, the abdomen is technically understood to be muni-purastha-brahman, Brahman--the abdomen; upasate--worship; ye--those who; rsi-vartmasu--on the path marked out by the great saintly persons; kurpa-drsah--whose vision is grossly situated in the bodily conception of life; parisara-paddhatim--from which the system of the arteries comes; hrdayam--the heart; arunayah--saintly persons headed by Aruna Rsi; daharam--the sky within the heart, the subtle conception of the Supersoul within the heart; tatah--from that; udagat--went up; ananta--O unlimited one; tava--Your; dhama--place; sirah--the top of the head; paramam--supreme; punah--again; iha--in this material world; yat--which; sametya--having achieved; na--not; patanti--fall down; krta-anta-mukhe--in the repetition of birth and death.

TRANSLATION

" 'Those who follow the path of great, saintly mystic yogis take to the yogic gymnastic process and begin worshiping from the abdomen, where it is said that Brahman is located. Such people are called sarkaraksa, which means that they are situated in the gross bodily conception. There are also followers of the rsi known as Aruna. Following that path, they observe the activities of the arteries. Thus they gradually rise to the heart, where subtle Brahman, Paramatma, is situated. They then worship Him. O unlimited Ananta! Better than these persons are the mystic yogis who worship You from the top of their heads. Beginning with the abdomen and proceeding through the heart, they reach the top of the head and pass through the brahma-randhra, the hole at the top of the skull. Thus yogis attain the perfectional platform and do not enter the cycle of birth and death again.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.87.18).

TEXT 167

TEXT

eho krsna-gunakrsta maha-muni hana

ahaituki bhakti kare nirgrantha hana

SYNONYMS

eho--such yogis; krsna guna-akrsta--attracted by the transcendental qualities of Krsna; maha-muni hana--becoming great saintly persons; ahaituki bhakti kare--they perform causeless devotional service; nirgrantha hana--becoming indifferent to the mystic yoga process.

TRANSLATION

"Being attracted by the transcendental qualities of Krsna, yogis become great saints. At that time, not being hampered by the yogic process, they engage in unalloyed devotional service.

TEXT 168

TEXT

'atma'-sabde 'yatna' kahe----yatna kariya

"munayo 'pi" krsna bhaje gunakrsta hana

SYNONYMS

atma-sabde--by the word atma; yatna--endeavor; kahe--one means; yatna kariya--by great endeavor; munayah api--even great saintly persons; krsna bhaje--take to the devotional service of Krsna; guna-akrsta hana--being attracted by His transcendental qualities.

TRANSLATION

"Atma also means 'endeavor.' Being attracted by Krsna's transcendental qualities, some saints make a great endeavor to come to the point of rendering service to Him.

TEXT 169

TEXT

tasyaiva hetoh prayateta kovido

na labhyate yad bhramatam upary adhah

tal labhyate duhkhavad anyatah sukham

kalena sarvatra gabhira-ramhasa

SYNONYMS

tasya eva--for that; hetoh--reason; prayateta--should endeavor; kovidah--one who is learned and intelligent; na--not; labhyate--is achieved; yat--that which; bhramatam--of those wandering; upari adhah--up and down; tat--that; labhyate--is achieved; duhkhavat--exactly like unhappiness or distress; anyatah--from other reasons (one's past actions); sukham--happiness; kalena--by time; sarvatra--everywhere; gabhira--insurmountable; ramhasa--having force.

TRANSLATION

" 'The transcendental position cannot be attained by wandering up and down from Brahmaloka and Satyaloka to Patalaloka. If one is actually intelligent and learned, he should endeavor for that rare transcendental position. Whatever material happiness is available within the fourteen worlds is attained by the force of time, just as one attains distress in due course of time. Since these are not attained by spiritual consciousness, one should not try for them.'

PURPORT

This verse was spoken by Narada Muni in Srimad-Bhagavatam (1.5.18). Narada Muni was speaking to Vyasadeva, who was morose even after he had compiled all Vedic literatures. In this connection, Narada Muni advised Srila Vyasadeva to attain devotional service.

TEXT 170

TEXT

sad-dharmasyavabodhaya

yesam nirbandhini matih

acirad eva sarvarthah

sidhyaty esam abhipsitah

SYNONYMS

sat-dharmasya--of the path of progressive devotional service; avabodhaya--for understanding; yesam--those whose; nirbandhini--unflinching; matih--intelligence; acirat--very soon; eva--certainly; sarva-arthah--the goal of life; sidhyati--becomes fulfilled; esam--of these persons; abhipsitah--desired.

TRANSLATION

" 'Those who are anxious to awaken their spiritual consciousness, who have unflinching intelligence and who are not deviated, certainly attain the desired goal of life.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from the Naradiya Purana.

TEXT 171

TEXT

ca-sabda api-arthe, 'api'----avadharane

yatnagraha vina bhakti na janmaya preme

SYNONYMS

ca-sabda--the word ca; api--of the word api; arthe--in the meaning; api avadharane--this api is used in sense of emphasis; yatna-agraha vina--without sincere endeavor; bhakti--devotional service; na--not; janmaya--begets; preme--love of Godhead.

TRANSLATION

"The word ca may be used in place of api, which gives emphasis to something. Thus it means that without sincere endeavor in devotional service, one cannot attain love of Godhead.

TEXT 172

TEXT

sadhanaughair anasangair

alabhya sucirad api

harina casv adeyeti

dvidha sa syat sudurlabha

SYNONYMS

sadhana--activities of devotional service; aughaih--by masses of; anasangaih--without attachment; alabhya--very difficult to achieve; su-cirat api--even after a considerable duration of time; harina--by the Supreme Lord; ca--also; asu--very soon; adeya--not to be delivered; iti--thus; dvidha--two ways; sa--that; syat--is; su-durlabha--very difficult to obtain.

TRANSLATION

" 'Devotional perfection is very difficult to attain for two reasons. First, unless one is attached to Krsna, he cannot attain devotional perfection even if he renders devotional service for a long time. Second, Krsna does not easily deliver perfection in devotional service.'

PURPORT

As stated in Srimad-Bhagavatam (5.6.18): muktim dadati karhicit. Srila Sukadeva Gosvami told Maharaja Pariksit that Krsna readily grants liberation but does not very readily grant perfection in devotional service. This means that Krsna wants to see that a devotee is actually sincere and serious and that he does not have ulterior motives. If this is the case, devotional service can very easily be successful; otherwise it is very difficult to obtain from the Supreme Personality of Godhead. This verse appears in the Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (1.1.35).

TEXT 173

TEXT

tesam satata-yuktanam

bhajatam priti-purvakam

dadami buddhi-yogam tam

yena mam upayanti te

SYNONYMS

tesam--to them; satata-yuktanam--always engaged; bhajatam--in devotional service; priti-purvakam--in loving ecstasy; dadami--I give; buddhi-yogam--real intelligence; tam--that; yena--by which; mam--unto Me; upayanti--come; te--they.

TRANSLATION

" 'To those who are constantly devoted and worship Me with love, I give the understanding by which they can come to Me.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Bhagavad-gita (10.10).

TEXT 174

TEXT

'atma'-sabde 'dhrti' kahe,----dhairye yei rame

dhairyavanta eva hana karaya bhajane

SYNONYMS

atma-sabde--by the word atma; dhrti--perseverance; kahe--it is said; dhairye--with perseverance; yei rame--anyone who endeavors; dhairyavanta--such persons with endurance; eva--certainly; hana--becoming; karaya--perform; bhajane--devotional service.

TRANSLATION

"Another meaning of atma is dhrti, or endurance. A person who endeavors with endurance is atmarama. With endurance, such a person engages in devotional service.

TEXT 175

TEXT

'muni'-sabde----paksi, bhrnga; 'nirgranthe'----murkha-jana

krsna-krpaya sadhu-krpaya donhara bhajana

SYNONYMS

muni-sabde--by the word muni; paksi--bird; bhrnga--bumblebee; nirgranthe--in the word nirgrantha; murkha-jana--foolish people; krsna-krpaya--by the mercy of Lord Krsna; sadhu-krpaya--by the mercy of a devotee; donhara bhajana--engages in devotional service of both (Krsna and his spiritual master or the sadhu).

TRANSLATION

"The word muni also means 'bird,' and 'bumblebee.' The word nirgrantha refers to foolish people. By the mercy of Krsna, such creatures contact a sadhu [spiritual master] and thus engage in devotional service.

TEXT 176

TEXT

prayo batamba munayo vihaga vane 'smin

krsneksitam tad-uditam kala-venu-gitam

aruhya ye druma-bhujan rucira-prabalan

srnvanti milita-drso vigatanya-vacah

SYNONYMS

prayah--almost; bata--certainly; amba--O mother; munayah--great sages; vihagah--the birds; vane--in the forest; asmin--this; krsna-iksitam--seeing the lotus feet of Krsna; tat-uditam--created by Him; kala-venu-gitam--sweet vibrations made by playing the flute; aruhya--rising; ye--all of them; druma-bhujan--to the branches of the trees; rucira-prabalan--having beautiful creepers and twigs; srnvanti--hear; milita-drsah--closing their eyes; vigata-anya-vacah--stopping all other sounds.

TRANSLATION

" 'My dear mother, in this forest, all the birds, after rising on the beautiful branches of the trees, are closing their eyes and, not being attracted by any other sound, are simply listening to the vibration of Krsna's flute. Such birds and bees must be on the same level as great saints.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.21.14). This statement was made by the gopis, who were lamenting in separation from Krsna and studying how the inhabitants of Vrndavana were enjoying life like saintly persons.

TEXT 177

TEXT

ete 'linas tava yaso 'khila-loka-tirtham

gayanta adi-purusanupatham bhajante

prayo ami muni-gana bhavadiya-mukhya

gudham vane 'pi na jahaty anaghatma-daivam

SYNONYMS

ete--all these; alinah--bees; tava--Your; yasah--reputation; akhila--all; loka-tirtham--auspicious for the planets; gayante--are singing; adi-purusa--O original person; anupatham--along the path; bhajante--they are engaged in transcendental loving service; prayah--almost; ami--these; muni-ganah--great saintly persons; bhavadiya--in relation with You; mukhyah--very advanced devotees; gudham--unknown; vane--in the forest; api--although; na--not; jahati--give up; anagha--O personality of transcendental goodness; atma-daivam--their worshipable Deity.

TRANSLATION

" 'O good fortune personified! O original Personality of Godhead, all these bees are chanting about Your transcendental fame, which will purify the entire universe. Indeed, they are following Your path in the forest and are worshiping You. Actually they are all saintly persons, but now they have taken the form of bees. Although You are playing like a human being, they could not forget that You are their worshipable Deity.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.15.6). Krsna and Balarama were just on the verge of boyhood and were entering the forest of Vrndavana when Krsna began to offer prayers to please Balarama.

TEXT 178

TEXT

sarasi sarasa-hamsa-vihangas

caru-gita-hrta-cetasa etya

harim upasata te yata-citta

hanta milita-drso dhrta-maunah

SYNONYMS

sarasi--in the water; sarasa--cranes; hamsa--swans; vihangah--birds; caru-gita--by the melodious song of Krsna's flute; hrta-cetasah--devoid of material consciousness; etya--coming near; harim--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; upasata--worshiped; te--all of them; yata-cittah--with full attention; hanta--alas; milita-drsah--closing their eyes; dhrta-maunah--completely silent.

TRANSLATION

" 'All the cranes and swans in the water are being enchanted by the melodious song of Krsna's flute. They have approached and are worshiping the Supreme Personality of Godhead with full attention. Alas, they are closing their eyes and are becoming completely silent.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.35.11). In the day, Krsna went to the forest of Vrndavana, and at that time, the gopis, being morose due to separation from Him, were lamenting in this way.

TEXT 179

TEXT

kirata-hunandhra-pulinda-pulkasa

abhira-sumbha yavanah khasadayah

ye 'nye ca papa yad-upasrayasrayah

sudhyanti tasmai prabhavisnave namah

SYNONYMS

kirata--the aborigines named Kiratas; huna--the Hunas; andhra--Andhras; pulinda--Pulindas; pulkasah--Pulkasas; abhira--Abhiras; sumbhah--Sumbhas; yavanah--persons who do not follow the Vedic injunctions and who eat cow's flesh; khasa-adayah--Khasas and others; ye--those who; anye--similar others; ca--also; papah--sinful persons; yat--of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; upasraya--of the devotees; asrayah--taking shelter; sudhyanti--become purified; tasmai--unto Him, Lord Visnu, because of whom they become purified; prabhavisnave--to Lord Visnu, the most powerful; namah--respectful obeisances.

TRANSLATION

" 'Kirata, Huna, Andhra, Pulinda, Pulkasa, Abhira, Sumbha, Yavana and the Khasa races and even others who are addicted to sinful acts can be purified by taking shelter of the devotees of the Lord due to His being the supreme power. I beg to offer my respectful obeisances unto Him.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (2.4.18). This verse was spoken by Sukadeva Gosvami when Pariksit Maharaja asked him for a description of the creation. While offering obeisances to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Sukadeva Gosvami described the unlimited potencies of Lord Visnu, who can purify the lowborn creatures mentioned herein.

TEXT 180

TEXT

kimva'dhrti'-sabde nija-purnatadi-jnana kaya

duhkhabhave uttama-praptye maha-purna haya

SYNONYMS

kimva--or; dhrti--dhrti; sabde--by this word; nija--own; purnata-adi--perfection and so on; jnana--knowledge; kaya--says; duhkha-abhave--in the absence of all material miseries; uttama--the best; praptye--by obtaining; maha-purna haya--becomes perfectly perfect.

TRANSLATION

"The word dhrti is also used when one is fully perfect in knowledge. When due to having obtained the lotus feet of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, he has no material miseries, he attains maha-purna, the highest level of perfection.

TEXT 181

TEXT

dhrtih syat purnata jnana-

duhkhabhavottamaptibhih

apraptatita-nastartha-

nabhisamsocanadikrt

SYNONYMS

dhrtih--endurance; syat--may become; purnata--fullness; jnana--knowledge of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; duhkha-abhava--the absence of misery; uttama-aptibhih--by attainment of the highest platform of perfection; aprapta--not obtained; atita--gone; nasta--destroyed; artha--object, goal; anabhisam-socana--absence of lamentation; adi--and so on; krt--doing.

TRANSLATION

" 'Dhrti is the fullness felt by the absence of misery and brought about by receiving knowledge of the Supreme Lord and by obtaining pure love for Him. The lamentation that accrues from not obtaining a goal or by loss of something already attained does not affect this completeness.'

PURPORT

This verse is found in the Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (2.4.144).

TEXT 182

TEXT

krsna-bhakta----duhkha-hina, vanchantara-hina

krsna-prema-seva-purnananda-pravina

SYNONYMS

krsna-bhakta--a devotee of Lord Krsna; duhkha-hina--not under miserable material conditions; vancha-antara-hina--he has no other desire than to serve Krsna; krsna-prema--love of Krsna; seva--service; purna-ananda--full in transcendental bliss; pravina--and very expert or experienced in all subject matters.

TRANSLATION

"A devotee of Krsna is never in a miserable condition, nor does he have any desire other than to serve Krsna. He is experienced and advanced. He feels the transcendental bliss of love of Krsna and always engages in His service fully protected.

TEXT 183

TEXT

mat-sevaya pratitam te

salokyadi-catustayam

necchanti sevaya purnah

kuto 'nyat kala-viplutam

SYNONYMS

mat--of Me; sevaya--by service; pratitam--obtained; te--they; salokya-adi--liberation, beginning with salokya; catustayam--the four kinds of; na icchanti--do not desire; sevaya--by service; purnah--complete; kutah--where; anyat--other things; kala-viplutam--which are lost in time.

TRANSLATION

" 'My devotees, having fulfilled their desires by serving Me, do not accept the four kinds of salvation that are easily earned by such service. Why then should they accept any pleasures that are lost in the course of time?'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Srimad-Bhagavatam (9.4.67).

TEXT 184

TEXT

hrsikese hrsikani

yasya sthairya-gatani hi

sa eva dhairyam apnoti

samsare jiva-cancale

SYNONYMS

hrsikese--to the master of the senses; hrsikani--all the senses; yasya--whose; sthairya-gatani--fixed; hi--certainly; sah--that person; eva--of course; dhairyam apnoti--attains the position of dhairya, endurance; samsare--in the material world; jiva-cancale--where everyone is disturbed.

TRANSLATION

"In this material world, all living entities are disturbed due to their flickering position. A devotee, however, is fixed in the service of the lotus feet of the Lord, the master of the senses. Such a person is to be considered situated in endurance and patience.

TEXT 185

TEXT

'ca'----avadharane, iha 'api'----samuccaye

dhrtimanta hana bhaje paksi-murkha-caye

SYNONYMS

ca--the word ca; avadharane--in emphasis; iha--here; api--the word api; samuccaye--in the sense of an aggregate; dhrtimanta--fully saturated; hana--becoming; bhaje--worship; paksi-murkha-caye--dull creatures like the birds, the most foolish.

TRANSLATION

"The word ca is for emphasis, and the word api is used as an aggregate. It is to be understood that even dull creatures [birds and illiterates] can also be situated in endurance and engage in Krsna's devotional service.

TEXT 186

TEXT

'atma'-sabde 'buddhi' kahe buddhi-visesa

samanya-buddhi-yukta yata jiva avasesa

SYNONYMS

atma-sabde--by the word atma; buddhi--intelligence; kahe--it is said; buddhi-visesa--a particular type of intelligence; samanya-buddhi-yukta--endowed with common intelligence; yata--all; jiva--living entities; avasesa--the rest.

TRANSLATION

"The word atma is also used for a particular type of intelligence. Since all living entities generally have some intelligence, more or less, they are included.

TEXT 187

TEXT

buddhye rame atmarama----dui ta' prakara

'pandita' muni-gana, nirgrantha 'murkha' ara

SYNONYMS

buddhye--in intelligence; rame--who enjoys; atmarama--is atmarama; dui ta ' prakara--two varieties; pandita--learned; muni-gana--philosophers; nirgrantha--without education; murkha--foolish; ara--also.

TRANSLATION

"Everyone has some kind of intelligence, and one who utilizes his intelligence is called atmarama. There are two types of atmarama. One is a learned scholar and a philosopher, and the other is an uneducated, illiterate and foolish person.

TEXT 188

TEXT

krsna-krpaya sadhu-sange rati-buddhi paya

saba chadi' suddha-bhakti kare krsna-paya

SYNONYMS

krsna-krpaya--by the mercy of Krsna; sadhu-sange--in the association of devotees; rati-buddhi--devotional attraction and intelligence; paya--one obtains; saba chadi'--giving up everything; suddha-bhakti--pure devotional service; kare--performs; krsna-paya--at the lotus feet of Krsna.

TRANSLATION

"By the mercy of Krsna and by the association of devotees, one increases his attraction to and intelligence for pure devotional service; therefore one gives up everything and engages himself at the lotus feet of Krsna and His pure devotees.

TEXT 189

TEXT

aham sarvasya prabhavo

mattah sarvam pravartate

iti matva bhajante mam

budha bhava-samanvitah

SYNONYMS

aham--I, Lord Krsna; sarvasya--of everyone; prabhavah--the original source; mattah--from Me; sarvam--everything; pravartate--emanates; iti--thus; matva--understanding; bhajante--they engage in devotional service; mam--to Me; budhah--those who are learned; bhava-samanvitah--with love and devotion.

TRANSLATION

" 'I [Krsna] am the original source of everything. Everything emanates from Me. The wise who perfectly know this engage in My service with love and devotion.'

PURPORT

This is a quotation from Bhagavad-gita (10.8).

TEXT 190

TEXT

te vai vidanty atitaranti ca deva-mayam

stri-sudra-huna-sabara api papa-jivah

yady adbhuta-krama-parayana-sila-siksas

tiryag-jana api kimu sruta-dharana ye

SYNONYMS

te--all of them; vai--certainly; vidanti--understand; atitaranti--cross over; ca--also; deva-mayam--the influence of the external illusory energy; stri--women; sudra--fourth-class men; huna--uncivilized hill tribes; sabarah--and hunters; api--even; papa-jivah--sinful creatures; yadi--if; adbhuta-krama--of the performer of wonderful activities; parayana--of the devotees; sila-siksah--characteristics and education; tiryak-janah--birds and beasts; api--even; kimu--what to speak of; sruta-dharanah ye--persons advanced in the education of Vedic knowledge.

TRANSLATION